
1、R4为ISP,其上只配置IP地址;R4与其他所直连设备间均使用公有IP;
 2、R3-R5、R6、R7为MGRE环境,R3为中心站点;
 3、整个OSPF环境IP基于172.16.0.0/16划分;除了R12有两个环回,其他路由器均有一个环回IP
 4、所有设备均可访问R4的环回;
 5、减少LSA的更新量,加快收敛,保障更新安全;
 6、全网可达;
1、R4为ISP,其上只配置IP地址;R4与其他所直连设备间均使用公有IP;
①配置IP地址
R1
[R1]int g0/0/0
 [R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.33.1 24
 [R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int l0
 [R1-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.34.1 24
 [R1-LoopBack0]q
R2
[R2]int g0/0/0
 [R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.33.3 24
 [R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int l0
 [R2-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.35.2 24
 [R2-LoopBack0]q
  
R3
[R3]int g0/0/0
 [R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.33.3 24
 [R3]int s 4/0/0
 [R3-Serial4/0/0]ip add 34.0.0.3 24
[R3]int l0
 [R3-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.36.3 24
 [R3-LoopBack0]q
  
R4---ISP
[ISP]int s 4/0/0
 [ISP-Serial4/0/0]ip add 34.0.0.4 24
 [ISP-Serial4/0/0]int s 3/0/0
 [ISP-Serial3/0/0]ip add 46.0.0.4 24
 [ISP-Serial3/0/0]int s 4/0/1
 [ISP-Serial4/0/1]ip add 45.0.0.4 24
 [ISP-Serial4/0/1]int g0/0/0
 [ISP-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 47.0.0.4 24
[ISP]int l0
 [ISP-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.2.4 24
 [ISP-LoopBack0]q
  
R5
[R5]int s 4/0/0
 [R5-Serial4/0/0]ip add 45.0.0.5 24
 [R5-Serial4/0/0]int l0
 [R5-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.3.5 24
  
R6
[R6]int s 4/0/0
 [R6-Serial4/0/0]ip add 46.0.0.6 24
 [R6-Serial4/0/0]int g0/0/0
 [R6-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.65.1 30
 [R6-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int l0
 [R6-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.4.6 24
 [R6-LoopBack0]q
  
R7
[R7]int g0/0/0
 [R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 47.0.0.7 24
 [R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int l0
 [R7-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.5.7 24
 [R7-LoopBack0]int g0/0/1
 [R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.97.1 30
 [R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]q
  
R8
[R8]int g0/0/0
 [R8-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.97.2 30
 [R8-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
 [R8-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.97.5 30
 [R8-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int l0
 [R8-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.98.8 24
 [R8-LoopBack0]q
  
R9
[R9]int g0/0/0
 [R9-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.97.6 30
 [R9-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
 [R9-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.129.1 30
 [R9-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int l0
 [R9-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.130.9 24
 [R9-LoopBack0]q
  
R10
[R10]int g0/0/0
 [R10-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.129.2 30
 [R10-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int l0
 [R10-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.131.10 24
 [R10-LoopBack0]q
  
R11
[R11]int g0/0/0
 [R11-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.65.2 30
 [R11-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
 [R11-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.65.5 30
 [R11-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int l0
 [R11-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.66.11 24
 [R11-LoopBack0]q
  
R12
[R12]int g0/0/0
 [R12-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.65.6 30
 [R12-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int l0
 [R12-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.160.12 24
 [R12-LoopBack0]int l1
 [R12-LoopBack1]ip add 172.16.161.12 24
 [R12-LoopBack1]q
②使区域area0的公网全通
R3
[R3]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 34.0.0.4
R5
[R5]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 45.0.0.4
R6
[R6]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 46.0.0.4
R7
[R7]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 47.0.0.4
测试



③实现私网通,使用ospf宣告
R1
 [R1]ospf 1 router-id 1.1.1.1
 [R1-ospf-1]area 1
 [R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]net 172.16.33.0 0.0.0.255
 [R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]net 172.16.34.0 0.0.0.255
 [R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]q
  
R2
[R2]ospf 1 router-id 2.2.2.2
 [R2-ospf-1]ar 1
 [R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]net 172.16.33.0 0.0.0.255
 [R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]net 172.16.35.0 0.0.0.255
 [R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]q
  
R3
[R3]ospf 1 r    
 [R3]ospf 1 router-id 3.3.3.3
 [R3-ospf-1]area 1
 [R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]net 172.16.33.0 0.0.0.255
 [R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]area 0
 [R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 172.16.36.0 0.0.0.255
 [R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]q
  
R4接口全是公网网段,因此不用宣告
R5
[R5]ospf 1 router-id 5.5.5.5
 [R5-ospf-1]ar 0
 [R5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 172.16.3.0 0.0.0.255
 [R5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]q
  
R6
[R6]ospf 1 router-id 6.6.6.6
 [R6-ospf-1]area 0
 [R6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 172.16.4.0 0.0.0.255
 [R6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]area 2
 [R6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]net 172.16.65.1 0.0.0.0
 [R6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]q
  
R7
[R7]ospf 1 router-id 7.7.7.7
 [R7-ospf-1]area 0
 [R7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 172.16.5.0 0.0.0.255
 [R7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]area 3
 [R7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]net 172.16.97.1 0.0.0.0
 [R7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]q
  
R8
[R8]ospf 1 r    
 [R8]ospf 1 router-id 8.8.8.8
 [R8-ospf-1]area 3
 [R8-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]net 172.16.97.2 0.0.0.0
 [R8-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]net 172.16.97.5 0.0.0.0
 [R8-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]net 172.16.98.0 0.0.0.255
R9
[R9]ospf 1 router-id 9.9.9.9
 [R9-ospf-1]ar 3
 [R9-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]net 172.16.97.6 0.0.0.0
  
R11
[R11]ospf 1 router-id 11.11.11.11
 [R11-ospf-1]ar 2
 [R11-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]net 172.16.65.2 0.0.0.0
 [R11-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]net 172.16.65.5 0.0.0.0
 [R11-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]net 172.16.66.0 0.0.0.255
 [R11-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]q
  
R12的G0/0/0接口使用ospf宣告,其他是rip协议宣告
[R12]ospf 1 r    
 [R12]ospf 1 router-id 12.12.12.12
 [R12-ospf-1]area 2
 [R12-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]net 172.16.65.6 0.0.0.0
 [R12-ospf-1]q
 [R12]rip 1
 [R12-rip-1]ver 2
 [R12-rip-1]undo summary
 [R12-rip-1]net 172.16.0.0
在R12上引入rip协议路由
[R12]ospf 1
 [R12-ospf-1]import-route rip
  
R10是不规则区域,在R9和R10上使用ospf2
R9
[R9]ospf 2 router-id 9.9.9.9
 [R9-ospf-2]a 4
 [R9-ospf-2-area-0.0.0.4]net 192.168.129.1 0.0.0.0
 [R9-ospf-2-area-0.0.0.4]net 192.168.130.0 0.0.0.0
  
R10
[R10]ospf 2 router-id 10.10.10.10
 [R10-ospf-2]a 4
 [R10-ospf-2-area-0.0.0.4]net 172.16.129.2 0.0.0.0
 [R10-ospf-2-area-0.0.0.4]net 172.16.131.0 0.0.0.255
  
每个区域查看一下




2、R3-R5、R6、R7为MGRE环境,R3为中心站点;
R3
[R3]int t 0/0/0
 [R3-Tunnel0/0/0]ip add 172.16.6.3 24
 [R3-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp
 [R3-Tunnel0/0/0]source s4/0/0
 [R3-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp network-id 100  
 [R3-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry multicast dynamic 
  
R5
[R5]int tu 0/0/0
 [R5-Tunnel0/0/0]ip add 172.16.6.5 24
 [R5-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp
 [R5-Tunnel0/0/0]source s4/0/0
 [R5-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp network-id 100
 [R5-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry 172.16.6.3 34.0.0.3 register 
  
R6
[R6]int t0/0/0
 [R6-Tunnel0/0/0]ip add 172.16.6.6 24 
 [R6-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp  
 [R6-Tunnel0/0/0]source s4/0/0
 [R6-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp network-id 100
 [R6-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry 172.16.6.3 34.0.0.3 register 
  
R7
[R7]int t0/0/0
 [R7-Tunnel0/0/0]ip add 172.16.6.7 24
 [R7-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp
 [R7-Tunnel0/0/0]source g0/0/0
 [R7-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp network-id 100  
 [R7-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry 172.16.6.3 34.0.0.3 register
进入相应ospf协议区域宣告隧道地址
R3
[R3]ospf 1
 [R3-ospf-1]ar 0
 [R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 172.16.6.0 0.0.0.255
R5
[R5]ospf
 [R5-ospf-1]area 0
 [R5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 172.16.6.0 0.0.0.255
 [R5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]
  
R6
[R6]ospf
 [R6-ospf-1]area 0
 [R6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 172.16.6.0 0.0.0.255
 [R6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]
  
R7
[R7]ospf
 [R7-ospf-1]area 0
 [R7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 172.16.6.0 0.0.0.255
 [R7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]
  
解决建邻问题---隧道是点到点的,不会选举DR/BDR,更改网络中tunnel接口类型为广播
R3
[R3]int t0/0/0
 [R3-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf network-type broadcast 
  
R5
[R5]int t0/0/0
 [R5-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf network-type broadcast 
  
R6
[R6]int t0/0/0
 [R6-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf network-type broadcast 
R7
[R7]int t0/0/0
 [R7-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf network-type broadcast 
  
取消其他分支站点的选取资格,保证中心站点是整个广播网络中唯一的DR
R5
[R5-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf dr-priority 0
R6
[R6-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf dr-priority 0
R7
[R7-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf dr-priority 0
查看一下



R9上进行路由引入,使区域4与其他区域能互相学习到
[R9]ospf 1
 [R9-ospf-1]i    
 [R9-ospf-1]import-route ospf 2
 [R9-ospf-1]ospf 2
 [R9-ospf-2]import-route ospf 1
  
查看R10的路由表

3、整个OSPF环境IP基于172.16.0.0/16划分;除了R12有两个环回,其他路由器均有一个环回IP
4、所有设备均可访问R4的环回;
在边界路由器(ABR)上做Easy-ip
R3
[R3]acl 2000
 [R3-acl-basic-2000]rule permit source 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
 [R3-acl-basic-2000]q
 [R3]int s4/0/0
 [R3-Serial4/0/0]nat outbound 2000
  
R5
[R5]acl 2000
 [R5-acl-basic-2000]rule permit source 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
 [R5-acl-basic-2000]q
 [R5]int s4/0/0 
 [R5-Serial4/0/0]nat outbound 2000
  
R6
[R6]acl 2000
 [R6-acl-basic-2000]rule permit source 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
 [R6-acl-basic-2000]q
 [R6]int s4/0/0
 [R6-Serial4/0/0]nat outbound 2000
  
R7
[R7]acl 2000
 [R7-acl-basic-2000]rule permit source 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
 [R7-acl-basic-2000]q
 [R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int g0/0/0
 [R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]nat outbound 2000
5、减少LSA的更新量,加快收敛,保障更新安全;
①减少LSA的更新量---做路由聚合
ABR聚合和ASBR聚合---只能优化骨干区域
ABR聚合
R3
[R3]ospf 1
 [R3-ospf-1]a 1
 [R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]abr-summary 172.16.32.0 255.255.224.0
  
R6
[R6]ospf 1
 [R6-ospf-1]a 2
 [R6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]abr-summary 172.16.64.0 255.255.224.0
  
R7
[R7]ospf 1
 [R7-ospf-1]a 3
 [R7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]abr-summary 172.16.96.0 255.255.224.0
  
ASBR聚合
R12
 [R12]ospf 1
 [R12-ospf-1]asbr-summary 172.16.160.0 255.255.224.0
  
R9
[R9]ospf 1 
 [R9-ospf-1]asbr-summary 172.16.128.0 255.255.224.0

totally stub(完全末梢区域),totally NSSA区域(完全非纯末梢区域)----可以优化非骨干区域
R1
[R1]ospf 1
 [R1-ospf-1]ar 1 
 [R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]stub no-summary 
  
R2
[R2]ospf 1
 [R2-ospf-1]a 1
 [R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]stub no-summary 
  
R3
[R3]ospf 1
 [R3-ospf-1]a 1
 [R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]stub no-summary 
  
R6
[R6]ospf 1
 [R6-ospf-1]ar 2
 [R6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]nssa no-summary 
  
R7
[R7]ospf 1
 [R7-ospf-1]a 3
 [R7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]nssa no-summary
R8
[R8]ospf 1
 [R8-ospf-1]a 3
 [R8-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]nssa no-summary 
  
R9
[R9]ospf 1
 [R9-ospf-1]ar 3
 [R9-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]nssa no-summary 
 [R9-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]q
  
R11
[R11]ospf 1
 [R11-ospf-1]a 2
 [R11-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]nssa no-summary
R12
[R12]ospf 1
 [R12-ospf-1]a 2
 [R12-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]nssa no-summary 
 [R12-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]
  
查看一下每个区域


在R9上给R10下发缺省
[R9]ospf 2
 [R9-ospf-2]default-route-advertise 
测试R10能ping通其他环回口了
②加快收敛--更改hello时间
R1
[R1]int g0/0/0
 [R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf timer hello 5
R2
[R2]int g0/0/0
 [R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf timer h    
 [R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf timer hello 5
  
R3
[R3-ospf-1]int g0/0/0
 [R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf timer hello 5
 [R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int s4/0/0
 [R3-Serial4/0/0]ospf timer hello 5
  
R4
[ISP]int s4/0/0
 [ISP-Serial4/0/0]ospf timer hello 5
 [ISP-Serial4/0/0]int s4/0/1
 [ISP-Serial4/0/1]ospf timer hello 5
 [ISP-Serial4/0/1]int g0/0/0
 [ISP-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf timer hello 5
 [ISP-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int s3/0/0
 [ISP-Serial3/0/0]ospf timer hello 5
  
R5
[R5]int s4/0/0
 [R5-Serial4/0/0]ospf ti he 5
R6
[R6]int s4/0/0
 [R6-Serial4/0/0]ospf ti he 5
[R6]int g0/0/0
 [R6-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf ti he 5
  
R7
[R7]int g0/0/0
 [R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf ti he 5
 [R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
 [R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ospf ti he 5
  
R8
[R8]int g0/0/0
 [R8-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf ti he 5
 [R8-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
 [R8-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ospf ti he 5
  
R9
[R9]int g0/0/0
 [R9-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf ti he 5
 [R9-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
 [R9-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ospf ti he 5
  
R10
[R10]int g0/0/0
 [R10-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf ti he 5
  
R11
[R11]int g0/0/0
 [R11-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf ti he 5
 [R11-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
 [R11-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ospf ti he 5
  
R12
[R12]int g0/0/0
 [R12-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf ti he 5
查看一下

③保证更新安全---做区域验证
R1
[R1]ospf 1
 [R1-ospf-1]a 1
 [R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]authentication-mode md5 1 cipher 12345
  
R2
[R2]ospf 1
 [R2-ospf-1]a 1
 [R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]authentication-mode md5 1 cipher 12345
  
R3
[R3]ospf 1
 [R3-ospf-1]a 1
 [R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]authentication-mode md5 1 cipher 12345
 [R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]a 0
 [R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]authentication-mode md5 1 cipher 12345
  
R4
[ISP]ospf 
 [ISP-ospf-1]a 0
 [ISP-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]authentication-mode md5 1 cipher 12345
  
R5
[R5]ospf
 [R5-ospf-1]a 0
 [R5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]authentication-mode md5 1 cipher 12345
  
R6
[R6]ospf
 [R6-ospf-1]a 0
 [R6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]authentication-mode md5 1 cipher 12345
 [R6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]a 2
 [R6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]authentication-mode md5 1 cipher 12345
  
R7
[R7]ospf 
 [R7-ospf-1]a 0
 [R7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]authentication-mode md5 1 cipher 12345
 [R7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]a 3
 [R7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]authentication-mode md5 1 cipher 12345
R8
[R8]ospf
 [R8-ospf-1]a 3
 [R8-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]authentication-mode md5 1 cipher 12345
  
R9
[R9]ospf
 [R9-ospf-1]a 3
 [R9-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]authentication-mode md5 1 cipher 12345
 [R9-ospf-1]ospf 2
 [R9-ospf-2]area 4
 [R9-ospf-2-area-0.0.0.4]authentication-mode md5 1 cipher 12345
  
R10
[R10]ospf 
 [R10-ospf-1]ospf 2
 [R10-ospf-2]a 4
 [R10-ospf-2-area-0.0.0.4]authentication-mode md5 1 cipher 12345
  
R11
[R11]ospf 
 [R11-ospf-1]a 2
 [R11-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]authentication-mode md5 1 cipher 12345
  
R12
[R12]ospf 
 [R12-ospf-1]a 2
 [R12-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]authentication-mode md5 1 cipher 12345
  
6、全网可达;
测试一下


