Java中如何详细的打印出具体报错的堆栈信息

在遇到日志打印的时候，当使用log.error("Exception==={}", e.toString()); 当使用这种方式打印，只会打印关键的信息，不会打印出栈堆信息，从而无法准确定位到具体某一行发生的错误

比如，在一个接口有方法对一个对象进行存储的时候，其中这个对象有一个属性叫errorNum 并且不能为空，当为空进行存储，就会报错。

先说解决方案

第一种打印方式(解决方案)：

@ExceptionHandler({Exception.class})
public ResponseDTO exceptionHandler(Exception e) {log.error("Exception===", e);return ResponseDTO.onError("系统异常");
}

这种方式打印结果：

11:44:43.415 [http-nio-10008-exec-1] [user="" token=""] ERROR o.h.e.jdbc.spi.SqlExceptionHelper - Column 'error_num' cannot be null 
11:44:43.449 [http-nio-10008-exec-1] [user="" token=""] ERROR c.a.y.e.ExceptionControllerAdvice - Exception=== 
org.springframework.dao.DataIntegrityViolationException: could not execute statement; SQL [n/a]; constraint [null]; nested exception is org.hibernate.exception.ConstraintViolationException: could not execute statementat org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.HibernateJpaDialect.convertHibernateAccessException(HibernateJpaDialect.java:276)at org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.HibernateJpaDialect.translateExceptionIfPossible(HibernateJpaDialect.java:233)at org.springframework.orm.jpa.AbstractEntityManagerFactoryBean.translateExceptionIfPossible(AbstractEntityManagerFactoryBean.java:551)at org.springframework.dao.support.ChainedPersistenceExceptionTranslator.translateExceptionIfPossible(ChainedPersistenceExceptionTranslator.java:61)at org.springframework.dao.support.DataAccessUtils.translateIfNecessary(DataAccessUtils.java:242)at org.springframework.dao.support.PersistenceExceptionTranslationInterceptor.invoke(PersistenceExceptionTranslationInterceptor.java:152)at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:186)at org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.support.CrudMethodMetadataPostProcessor$CrudMethodMetadataPopulatingMethodInterceptor.invoke(CrudMethodMetadataPostProcessor.java:174)at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:186)at org.springframework.aop.interceptor.ExposeInvocationInterceptor.invoke(ExposeInvocationInterceptor.java:97)at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:186)at org.springframework.aop.framework.JdkDynamicAopProxy.invoke(JdkDynamicAopProxy.java:215)at com.sun.proxy.$Proxy159.save(Unknown Source)at com.chakid.service.user.AdminUserService.saveOrgUser(AdminUserService.java:320)at com.chakid.service.user.AdminUserService$$FastClassBySpringCGLIB$$30f37a23.invoke(<generated>)at org.springframework.cglib.proxy.MethodProxy.invoke(MethodProxy.java:218)at org.springframework.aop.framework.CglibAopProxy.invokeMethod(CglibAopProxy.java:386)at org.springframework.aop.framework.CglibAopProxy.access$000(CglibAopProxy.java:85)at org.springframework.aop.framework.CglibAopProxy$DynamicAdvisedInterceptor.intercept(CglibAopProxy.java:704)at com.chakid.service.user.AdminUserService$$EnhancerBySpringCGLIB$$e87e75d.saveOrgUser(<generated>)at com.chakid.controller.user.AdminUserController.saveOrgUser(AdminUserController.java:176)at com.chakid.controller.user.AdminUserController$$FastClassBySpringCGLIB$$93bd02e3.invoke(<generated>)at org.springframework.cglib.proxy.MethodProxy.invoke(MethodProxy.java:218)at org.springframework.aop.framework.CglibAopProxy$CglibMethodInvocation.invokeJoinpoint(CglibAopProxy.java:793)at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:163)at org.springframework.aop.framework.CglibAopProxy$CglibMethodInvocation.proceed(CglibAopProxy.java:763)at org.springframework.aop.aspectj.MethodInvocationProceedingJoinPoint.proceed(MethodInvocationProceedingJoinPoint.java:102)at com.chakid.config.ControllerAop.aop(ControllerAop.java:40)at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)at org.springframework.aop.aspectj.AbstractAspectJAdvice.invokeAdviceMethodWithGivenArgs(AbstractAspectJAdvice.java:634)at org.springframework.aop.aspectj.AbstractAspectJAdvice.invokeAdviceMethod(AbstractAspectJAdvice.java:624)at org.springframework.aop.aspectj.AspectJAroundAdvice.invoke(AspectJAroundAdvice.java:72)at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:186)at org.springframework.aop.framework.CglibAopProxy$CglibMethodInvocation.proceed(CglibAopProxy.java:763)at org.springframework.aop.interceptor.ExposeInvocationInterceptor.invoke(ExposeInvocationInterceptor.java:97)at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:186)at org.springframework.aop.framework.CglibAopProxy$CglibMethodInvocation.proceed(CglibAopProxy.java:763)at org.springframework.aop.framework.CglibAopProxy$DynamicAdvisedInterceptor.intercept(CglibAopProxy.java:708)at com.chakid.controller.user.AdminUserController$$EnhancerBySpringCGLIB$$ede115f8.saveOrgUser(<generated>)at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)at org.springframework.web.method.support.InvocableHandlerMethod.doInvoke(InvocableHandlerMethod.java:205)at org.springframework.web.method.support.InvocableHandlerMethod.invokeForRequest(InvocableHandlerMethod.java:150)at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.ServletInvocableHandlerMethod.invokeAndHandle(ServletInvocableHandlerMethod.java:117)at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.invokeHandlerMethod(RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.java:895)at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.handleInternal(RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.java:808)at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.AbstractHandlerMethodAdapter.handle(AbstractHandlerMethodAdapter.java:87)at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doDispatch(DispatcherServlet.java:1071)at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doService(DispatcherServlet.java:964)at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.processRequest(FrameworkServlet.java:1006)at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.doPost(FrameworkServlet.java:909)at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:696)at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.service(FrameworkServlet.java:883)at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:779)at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:227)at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:162)at org.apache.tomcat.websocket.server.WsFilter.doFilter(WsFilter.java:53)at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:189)at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:162)at org.springframework.web.filter.CorsFilter.doFilterInternal(CorsFilter.java:91)at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:117)at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:189)at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:162)at com.chakid.config.LogFilter.doFilter(LogFilter.java:50)at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:189)at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:162)at org.springframework.web.filter.RequestContextFilter.doFilterInternal(RequestContextFilter.java:100)at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:117)at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:189)at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:162)at cn.dev33.satoken.filter.SaPathCheckFilterForServlet.doFilter(SaPathCheckFilterForServlet.java:55)at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:189)at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:162)at org.springframework.web.filter.FormContentFilter.doFilterInternal(FormContentFilter.java:93)at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:117)at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:189)at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:162)at org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter.doFilterInternal(CharacterEncodingFilter.java:201)at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:117)at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:189)at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:162)at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve.java:177)at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke(StandardContextValve.java:97)at org.apache.catalina.authenticator.AuthenticatorBase.invoke(AuthenticatorBase.java:541)at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java:135)at org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:92)at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke(StandardEngineValve.java:78)at org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:360)at org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Processor.service(Http11Processor.java:399)at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProcessorLight.process(AbstractProcessorLight.java:65)at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol$ConnectionHandler.process(AbstractProtocol.java:891)at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint$SocketProcessor.doRun(NioEndpoint.java:1784)at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.SocketProcessorBase.run(SocketProcessorBase.java:49)at org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1191)at org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:659)at org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.TaskThread$WrappingRunnable.run(TaskThread.java:61)at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:748)
Caused by: org.hibernate.exception.ConstraintViolationException: could not execute statementat org.hibernate.exception.internal.SQLExceptionTypeDelegate.convert(SQLExceptionTypeDelegate.java:59)at org.hibernate.exception.internal.StandardSQLExceptionConverter.convert(StandardSQLExceptionConverter.java:37)at org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.spi.SqlExceptionHelper.convert(SqlExceptionHelper.java:113)at org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.spi.SqlExceptionHelper.convert(SqlExceptionHelper.java:99)at org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.internal.ResultSetReturnImpl.executeUpdate(ResultSetReturnImpl.java:200)at org.hibernate.dialect.identity.GetGeneratedKeysDelegate.executeAndExtract(GetGeneratedKeysDelegate.java:58)at org.hibernate.id.insert.AbstractReturningDelegate.performInsert(AbstractReturningDelegate.java:43)at org.hibernate.persister.entity.AbstractEntityPersister.insert(AbstractEntityPersister.java:3279)at org.hibernate.persister.entity.AbstractEntityPersister.insert(AbstractEntityPersister.java:3914)at org.hibernate.action.internal.EntityIdentityInsertAction.execute(EntityIdentityInsertAction.java:84)at org.hibernate.engine.spi.ActionQueue.execute(ActionQueue.java:645)at org.hibernate.engine.spi.ActionQueue.addResolvedEntityInsertAction(ActionQueue.java:282)at org.hibernate.engine.spi.ActionQueue.addInsertAction(ActionQueue.java:263)at org.hibernate.engine.spi.ActionQueue.addAction(ActionQueue.java:317)at org.hibernate.event.internal.AbstractSaveEventListener.addInsertAction(AbstractSaveEventListener.java:329)at org.hibernate.event.internal.AbstractSaveEventListener.performSaveOrReplicate(AbstractSaveEventListener.java:286)at org.hibernate.event.internal.AbstractSaveEventListener.performSave(AbstractSaveEventListener.java:192)at org.hibernate.event.internal.AbstractSaveEventListener.saveWithGeneratedId(AbstractSaveEventListener.java:122)at org.hibernate.event.internal.DefaultPersistEventListener.entityIsTransient(DefaultPersistEventListener.java:185)at org.hibernate.event.internal.DefaultPersistEventListener.onPersist(DefaultPersistEventListener.java:128)at org.hibernate.event.internal.DefaultPersistEventListener.onPersist(DefaultPersistEventListener.java:55)at org.hibernate.event.service.internal.EventListenerGroupImpl.fireEventOnEachListener(EventListenerGroupImpl.java:107)at org.hibernate.internal.SessionImpl.firePersist(SessionImpl.java:756)at org.hibernate.internal.SessionImpl.persist(SessionImpl.java:742)at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)at org.springframework.orm.jpa.ExtendedEntityManagerCreator$ExtendedEntityManagerInvocationHandler.invoke(ExtendedEntityManagerCreator.java:362)at com.sun.proxy.$Proxy144.persist(Unknown Source)at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)at org.springframework.orm.jpa.SharedEntityManagerCreator$SharedEntityManagerInvocationHandler.invoke(SharedEntityManagerCreator.java:311)at com.sun.proxy.$Proxy144.persist(Unknown Source)at org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.support.SimpleJpaRepository.save(SimpleJpaRepository.java:666)at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)at org.springframework.data.repository.core.support.RepositoryMethodInvoker$RepositoryFragmentMethodInvoker.lambda$new$0(RepositoryMethodInvoker.java:289)at org.springframework.data.repository.core.support.RepositoryMethodInvoker.doInvoke(RepositoryMethodInvoker.java:137)at org.springframework.data.repository.core.support.RepositoryMethodInvoker.invoke(RepositoryMethodInvoker.java:121)at org.springframework.data.repository.core.support.RepositoryComposition$RepositoryFragments.invoke(RepositoryComposition.java:530)at org.springframework.data.repository.core.support.RepositoryComposition.invoke(RepositoryComposition.java:286)at org.springframework.data.repository.core.support.RepositoryFactorySupport$ImplementationMethodExecutionInterceptor.invoke(RepositoryFactorySupport.java:640)at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:186)at org.springframework.data.repository.core.support.QueryExecutorMethodInterceptor.doInvoke(QueryExecutorMethodInterceptor.java:164)at org.springframework.data.repository.core.support.QueryExecutorMethodInterceptor.invoke(QueryExecutorMethodInterceptor.java:139)at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:186)at org.springframework.data.projection.DefaultMethodInvokingMethodInterceptor.invoke(DefaultMethodInvokingMethodInterceptor.java:81)at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:186)at org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionInterceptor$1.proceedWithInvocation(TransactionInterceptor.java:123)at org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionAspectSupport.invokeWithinTransaction(TransactionAspectSupport.java:388)at org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionInterceptor.invoke(TransactionInterceptor.java:119)at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:186)at org.springframework.dao.support.PersistenceExceptionTranslationInterceptor.invoke(PersistenceExceptionTranslationInterceptor.java:137)... 96 common frames omitted
Caused by: java.sql.SQLIntegrityConstraintViolationException: Column 'error_num' cannot be nullat com.mysql.cj.jdbc.exceptions.SQLError.createSQLException(SQLError.java:117)at com.mysql.cj.jdbc.exceptions.SQLExceptionsMapping.translateException(SQLExceptionsMapping.java:122)at com.mysql.cj.jdbc.ClientPreparedStatement.executeInternal(ClientPreparedStatement.java:916)at com.mysql.cj.jdbc.ClientPreparedStatement.executeUpdateInternal(ClientPreparedStatement.java:1061)at com.mysql.cj.jdbc.ClientPreparedStatement.executeUpdateInternal(ClientPreparedStatement.java:1009)at com.mysql.cj.jdbc.ClientPreparedStatement.executeLargeUpdate(ClientPreparedStatement.java:1320)at com.mysql.cj.jdbc.ClientPreparedStatement.executeUpdate(ClientPreparedStatement.java:994)at com.zaxxer.hikari.pool.ProxyPreparedStatement.executeUpdate(ProxyPreparedStatement.java:61)at com.zaxxer.hikari.pool.HikariProxyPreparedStatement.executeUpdate(HikariProxyPreparedStatement.java)at org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.internal.ResultSetReturnImpl.executeUpdate(ResultSetReturnImpl.java:197)... 149 common frames omitted

这种这种就能更详细的显示出报错信息。

第二种打印方式：

这个时候使用log.error("Exception==={}", e.toString()); 全局异常拦截，并对异常进行打印，指挥打印出操作原因：

@ExceptionHandler({Exception.class})
public ResponseDTO exceptionHandler(Exception e) {log.error("Exception==={}", e.toString());return ResponseDTO.onError("系统异常");
}

打印结果：

11:45:56.112 [http-nio-10008-exec-1] [user="" token=""] ERROR o.h.e.jdbc.spi.SqlExceptionHelper - Column 'error_num' cannot be null 
11:45:56.139 [http-nio-10008-exec-1] [user="" token=""] ERROR c.a.y.e.ExceptionControllerAdvice - Exception===org.springframework.dao.DataIntegrityViolationException: could not execute statement; SQL [n/a]; constraint [null]; nested exception is org.hibernate.exception.ConstraintViolationException: could not execute statement

这种是无法准确定位异常所在行的，以及具体的堆栈信息的。

第三种打印方式：

@ExceptionHandler({Exception.class})
public ResponseDTO exceptionHandler(Exception e) {log.error("Exception===" + e);return ResponseDTO.onError("系统异常");
}