中缀表达式:a+b*c+(d*e+f)*g
转换成后缀表达式:abc*+de*f+g*+
转换步骤:
当读到一个操作数(如:a)时,立即把它放到输出中;
当遇到操作符(如:+)时,将其放入栈中;
当遇到右括号时,弹出栈元素直至遇到左括号。将左括号弹出但不输出;
如果遇到其他操作符[ +, * , ( ] ,那么弹出栈中的元素直到发现优先级更低的元素为止。有一个例外,除非是处理一个 ) 的时候,否则绝不从栈中移走 ( 。
完整的代码:
import java.util.Stack;/*** 中缀到后缀的转换* @author GongQiang**/
public class MiddleToPostExpression {private Stack<Character> stack = new Stack<Character>();/*** @param args** Date :2012-6-26* Author :GongQiang*/public static void main(String[] args) {String middleExp = "a+b*c+(d*e+f)*g";MiddleToPostExpression mtpe = new MiddleToPostExpression();System.out.println( mtpe.transform(middleExp) );}public String transform( String middleExp ){StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder( middleExp.length() );for( int i=0 ; i<middleExp.length() ; i++ ){char c = middleExp.charAt( i );if( operandChar( c ) ){//空栈-->立即插入if( stack.isEmpty() && !rightBracket(c) ){stack.push( c );}// 操作符级别高 || 栈顶元素是'('else if( getLevel(c) > getLevel( stack.peek() ) || leftBracket( stack.peek() ) ){stack.push( c );}// 当前元素不是')' && 级别比栈顶元素低 && 栈顶元素不是')'else if( !rightBracket(c) && getLevel(c) <= getLevel( stack.peek() ) && !leftBracket( stack.peek() )){while( !stack.isEmpty() && getLevel(c) <= getLevel( stack.peek() ) && !leftBracket( stack.peek() ) ){sb.append( stack.pop() );}stack.push( c );}// 当前元素是')'else if( rightBracket( c ) ){while( !leftBracket( stack.peek() ) ){sb.append( stack.pop() );}stack.pop(); //弹出 '('}}else{sb.append( c );}}//弹出栈中剩下的元素while( !stack.isEmpty() ){sb.append( stack.pop() );}return sb.toString();}/*** 是操作符 ?* @return** Date :2012-6-26* Author :GongQiang*/private boolean operandChar( char c ){char[] operands = { '+', '*', '(', ')' };for( char op : operands ){if( c == op ){return true;}}return false;}private boolean leftBracket( char c ){return c == '(' ? true : false;}private boolean rightBracket( char c ){return c == ')' ? true : false;}private int getLevel( char c ){if( c == '+' ){return 1;}if( c == '*' ){return 2;}if( c == '(' ){return 1024;}// 右括号return -1;}
}