常用命令
ksql----连接数据库的客户端，类似于mysql命令或者sqlplus命令。
找到ksql命令，并登录数据库
[root@mail ~]# find / -name ksql
/app/kingbase/ES/V8/KESRealPro/V008R006C008M020B0025/Server/bin/ksql
/app/kingbase/ES/V8/KESRealPro/V008R006C008M020B0025/ClientTools/bin/ksql
[root@mail ~]# cd /app/kingbase/ES/V8/KESRealPro/V008R006C008M020B0025/ClientTools/bin/
[root@mail bin]# ./ksql -U system -d test
Password for user system:
Type "help" for help.test=#
列出数据库
\l+
连接数据库
\c {数据库} {用户}
列出模式和权限
\dn+
查看用户
\du+
查某个schema下的表
\dt {schema}.*
或者
\dt #有遇到过表的owner是system，而schema的owner是新建的用户，就会导致列不出表来，所以强烈建议，用数据库、模式所属的用户来建表！满足权限最小化原则！下图就是这种情况。
创建表空间
CREATE TABLESPACE {tablespace_name} dasspace LOCATION '{directory_path}';
如：
test=# CREATE TABLESPACE abc_ts LOCATION '/app/kingbase/space/abc_ts';
CREATE TABLESPACE
创建用户
create user abc with password 'Abc#123';
创建数据库
create database abcdb owner=abc encoding=utf8 tablespace=abc_ts;
也可以不指定表空间，用默认表空间
create database abcdb owner=abc encoding=utf8；
创建schema（模式）
如果对模式不熟的新手，建议配置数据库、用户、模式都用同一个名字。以下示例只是为了好区分这三者
\c abcdb system
create schema abc_schema authorization abc;
常用授权
GRANT CONNECT ON DATABASE abcdb TO abc; #授权连接权限
grant USAGE on SCHEMA abc_schema to abc; #授权对模式的使用权
--
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON ALL TABLES IN SCHEMA abc_schema TO abc; #授予对现有表的所有权限（包括索引）
ALTER DEFAULT PRIVILEGES IN SCHEMA abc_schema GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON TABLES TO abc; #设置默认权限，使未来创建的表也具有相同权限
--
GRANT REFERENCES ON ALL TABLES IN SCHEMA abc_schema TO abc; #授予 REFERENCES 权限以管理外键约束
--
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON ALL SEQUENCES IN SCHEMA abc_schema TO abc; #授予对现有序列的所有权限
ALTER DEFAULT PRIVILEGES IN SCHEMA abc_schema GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON SEQUENCES TO abc; #设置默认权限，使未来创建的序列也具有相同权限
--
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON ALL FUNCTIONS IN SCHEMA abc_schema TO abc; #授予对现有函数的所有权限
ALTER DEFAULT PRIVILEGES IN SCHEMA abc_schema GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON FUNCTIONS TO abc; #设置默认权限，使未来创建的函数也具有相同权限
导入sql
abcdb=> \c abcdb abc #切成abc用户来访问abcdb
abcdb=> \i /root/abc.sql #导入sql文件
部分sql语句
附录，数据库命令行帮助
abcdb=# \?
General\crosstabview [COLUMNS] execute query and display results in crosstab\errverbose show most recent error message at maximum verbosity\g [FILE] or [|COMMAND] execute query (and send results to file or |pipe)\gdesc describe result of query, without executing it\gexec execute query, then execute each value in its result\gset [PREFIX] execute query and store results in ksql variables\gx [FILE] as \g, but forces expanded outPut mode\q quit ksql\watch [SEC] execute query every SEC secondsHelp\? [commands] show help on backslash commands\? options show help on ksql command-line options\? variables show help on special variablesQuery Buffer\e [FILE] [LINE] edit the query buffer (or file) with external editor\ef [FUNCNAME [LINE]] edit function definition with external editor\ev [VIEWNAME [LINE]] edit view definition with external editor\p show the contents of the query buffer\r reset (clear) the query buffer\s [FILE] display history or save it to file\w FILE write query buffer to fileInput/Output\copy ... perform SQL COPY with data stream to the client host\echo [STRING] write string to standard outPut\i FILE execute commands from file\ir FILE as \i, but relative to location of current script\o [FILE] send all query results to file or |pipe\qecho [STRING] write string to query outPut stream (see \o)Conditional\if EXPRESSION begin conditional block\elif EXPRESSION alternative within current conditional block\else final alternative within current conditional block\endif end conditional blockInformational(options: S = show system objects, + = additional detail)\d[S+] list tables, views, and sequences\d[S+] NAME describe table, view, sequence, or index\da[S] [PATTERN] list aggregates\dA[+] [PATTERN] list access methods\db[+] [PATTERN] list tablespaces\dc[S+] [PATTERN] list conversions\dC[+] [PATTERN] list casts\dd[S] [PATTERN] show object descriptions not displayed elsewhere\dD[S+] [PATTERN] list domains\ddp [PATTERN] list default privileges\dE[S+] [PATTERN] list foreign tables\det[+] [PATTERN] list foreign tables\des[+] [PATTERN] list foreign servers\deu[+] [PATTERN] list user mappings\dew[+] [PATTERN] list foreign-data wrappers\df[anptw][S+] [PATRN] list [only agg/normal/procedures/trigger/window] functions\dF[+] [PATTERN] list text search configurations\dFd[+] [PATTERN] list text search dictionaries\dFp[+] [PATTERN] list text search parsers\dFt[+] [PATTERN] list text search templates\dg[S+] [PATTERN] list roles\di[S+] [PATTERN] list indexes\dl list large objects, same as \lo_list\dL[S+] [PATTERN] list procedural languages\dm[S+] [PATTERN] list materialized views\dn[S+] [PATTERN] list schemas\do[S+] [PATTERN] list operators\dO[S+] [PATTERN] list collations\dp [PATTERN] list table, view, and sequence access privileges\dpkg[S+] [PATTERN] list packages\dP[itn+] [PATTERN] list [only index/table] partitioned relations [n=nested]\drds [PATRN1 [PATRN2]] list per-database role settings\dRp[+] [PATTERN] list replication publications\dRs[+] [PATTERN] list replication subscriptions\ds[S+] [PATTERN] list sequences\dt[S+] [PATTERN] list tables\dT[S+] [PATTERN] list data types\du[S+] [PATTERN] list roles\dv[S+] [PATTERN] list views\dx[+] [PATTERN] list extensions\dy [PATTERN] list event triggers\l[+] [PATTERN] list databases\sf[+] FUNCNAME show a function's definition\sv[+] VIEWNAME show a view's definition\z [PATTERN] same as \dpFormatting\a toggle between unaligned and aligned outPut mode\C [STRING] set table title, or unset if none\f [STRING] show or set field separator for unaligned query outPut\H toggle HTML outPut mode (currently off)\pset [NAME [VALUE]] set table outPut option(border|columns|csv_fieldsep|expanded|fieldsep|fieldsep_zero|footer|format|linestyle|null|numericlocale|pager|pager_min_lines|recordsep|recordsep_zero|tableattr|title|tuples_only|unicode_border_linestyle|unicode_column_linestyle|unicode_header_linestyle)\t [on|off] show only rows (currently off)\T [STRING] set HTML <table> tag attributes, or unset if none\x [on|off|auto] toggle expanded outPut (currently off)Connection\c[onnect] {[DBNAME|- USER|- HOST|- PORT|-] | conninfo}connect to new database (currently "abcdb")\conninfo display information about current connection\encoding [ENCODING] show or set client encoding\password [USERNAME] securely change the password for a userOperating System\cd [DIR] change the current working directory\setenv NAME [VALUE] set or unset environment variable\timing [on|off] toggle timing of commands (currently off)\! [COMMAND] execute command in shell or start interactive shellVariables\prompt [TEXT] NAME prompt user to set internal variable\set [NAME [VALUE]] set internal variable, or list all if no parameters\unset NAME unset (delete) internal variableLarge Objects\lo_export LOBOID FILE export the LOBOID number largeobject to FILE\lo_import FILE [COMMENT] import from FILE as a largeobject, else add COMMENT\lo_list list all largeobjects\lo_unlink LOBOID remove the LOBOID number largeobject
