鸿蒙OSUniApp 实现一个精致的日历组件#三方框架 #Uniapp

使用 UniApp 实现一个精致的日历组件

前言

最近在开发一个约会小程序时，需要实现一个既美观又实用的日历组件。市面上虽然有不少现成的组件库，但都不太符合我们的设计需求。于是，我决定从零开始，基于 UniApp 自己实现一个功能完善、UI精致的日历组件。本文将分享我的实现思路和过程，希望对你有所帮助。

需求分析

首先，让我们明确一下这个日历组件需要满足的需求：

日历展示：能够清晰展示年、月、日信息
日期选择：支持单选、范围选择功能
样式定制：支持自定义主题颜色、特殊日期标记
事件标记：能够在特定日期显示事件标记或小红点
手势操作：支持左右滑动切换月份
农历展示：可选择性展示农历信息

基于以上需求，我们开始设计和编码。

实现思路

1. 数据结构设计

日历组件的核心是对日期数据的管理。我们需要设计一个合理的数据结构来存储和操作日期信息。

{year: 2023,          // 当前显示的年份month: 5,            // 当前显示的月份（1-12）day: 15,             // 当前选中的日期weeks: [             // 按周分组的日期数据[                  // 第一周{day: 30,       // 日期month: 4,      // 所属月份isCurrentMonth: false,  // 是否属于当前月isToday: false,         // 是否是今天isSelected: false,      // 是否被选中hasEvent: false,        // 是否有事件lunar: '四月初一',      // 农历信息disable: false          // 是否禁用},// ... 其他日期数据],// ... 其他周数据]
}

2. 核心功能实现

首先，我们需要计算出日历网格中的所有日期数据。这包括当前月的所有日期，以及为了填满网格而需要显示的上个月和下个月的部分日期。

以下是生成日历数据的核心函数：

/*** 生成日历数据* @param {Number} year 年份* @param {Number} month 月份(1-12)* @return {Array} 日历数据数组*/
function generateCalendarData(year, month) {// 获取当前月第一天是星期几const firstDayOfMonth = new Date(year, month - 1, 1).getDay();// 获取当前月的天数const daysInMonth = new Date(year, month, 0).getDate();// 获取上个月的天数const daysInPrevMonth = new Date(year, month - 1, 0).getDate();// 获取今天的日期信息const today = new Date();const isToday = (date) => {return date.getFullYear() === today.getFullYear() && date.getMonth() === today.getMonth() && date.getDate() === today.getDate();};// 日历数据数组let days = [];// 添加上个月的日期for (let i = 0; i < firstDayOfMonth; i++) {const prevDay = daysInPrevMonth - firstDayOfMonth + i + 1;const prevMonth = month - 1 > 0 ? month - 1 : 12;const prevYear = prevMonth === 12 ? year - 1 : year;days.push({day: prevDay,month: prevMonth,year: prevYear,isCurrentMonth: false,isToday: isToday(new Date(prevYear, prevMonth - 1, prevDay)),isSelected: false,hasEvent: false,  // 根据实际情况设置lunar: getLunarDate(prevYear, prevMonth, prevDay),  // 获取农历日期disable: false});}// 添加当前月的日期for (let i = 1; i <= daysInMonth; i++) {days.push({day: i,month,year,isCurrentMonth: true,isToday: isToday(new Date(year, month - 1, i)),isSelected: false,hasEvent: false,  // 根据实际情况设置lunar: getLunarDate(year, month, i),  // 获取农历日期disable: false});}// 添加下个月的日期，补满 6 行const totalDays = 42;  // 6行7列const remainingDays = totalDays - days.length;for (let i = 1; i <= remainingDays; i++) {const nextMonth = month + 1 <= 12 ? month + 1 : 1;const nextYear = nextMonth === 1 ? year + 1 : year;days.push({day: i,month: nextMonth,year: nextYear,isCurrentMonth: false,isToday: isToday(new Date(nextYear, nextMonth - 1, i)),isSelected: false,hasEvent: false,  // 根据实际情况设置lunar: getLunarDate(nextYear, nextMonth, i),  // 获取农历日期disable: false});}// 将日期按周分组const weeks = [];for (let i = 0; i < days.length; i += 7) {weeks.push(days.slice(i, i + 7));}return weeks;
}

3. 组件开发

接下来，让我们使用 UniApp 开发这个日历组件。我们将创建一个独立的组件，以便在不同项目中复用。

<!-- calendar.vue -->
<template><view class="calendar"><!-- 日历头部 --><view class="calendar-header"><view class="calendar-title"><text>{{ year }}年{{ month }}月</text></view><view class="calendar-controls"><view class="prev-month" @click="changeMonth(-1)"><text class="iconfont icon-left"></text></view><view class="next-month" @click="changeMonth(1)"><text class="iconfont icon-right"></text></view></view></view><!-- 星期栏 --><view class="calendar-weeks"><view class="week-item" v-for="(item, index) in weekDays" :key="index"><text :class="{'weekend': index === 0 || index === 6}">{{ item }}</text></view></view><!-- 日期网格 --><view class="calendar-days"><view class="calendar-week" v-for="(week, weekIndex) in weeks" :key="weekIndex"><viewclass="day-item"v-for="(day, dayIndex) in week":key="dayIndex":class="{'current-month': day.isCurrentMonth,'other-month': !day.isCurrentMonth,'today': day.isToday,'selected': day.isSelected,'disabled': day.disable}"@click="selectDay(day)"><view class="day-number">{{ day.day }}</view><view class="lunar-date" v-if="showLunar">{{ day.lunar }}</view><view class="event-dot" v-if="day.hasEvent"></view></view></view></view><!-- 底部操作栏 --><view class="calendar-footer" v-if="showFooter"><view class="btn-today" @click="goToToday">今天</view><view class="btn-clear" @click="clearSelection">清除</view></view></view>
</template><script>
export default {name: 'Calendar',props: {// 默认选中日期value: {type: [Date, Array],default: null},// 是否多选multiple: {type: Boolean,default: false},// 是否显示农历showLunar: {type: Boolean,default: true},// 是否显示底部操作栏showFooter: {type: Boolean,default: true},// 特殊日期，包含事件的日期events: {type: Array,default: () => []},// 主题色themeColor: {type: String,default: '#2979ff'}},data() {return {year: new Date().getFullYear(),month: new Date().getMonth() + 1,weeks: [],weekDays: ['日', '一', '二', '三', '四', '五', '六'],selectedDays: []};},watch: {value: {handler(val) {this.initSelection(val);},immediate: true},events: {handler() {this.updateCalendar();}}},created() {this.updateCalendar();},methods: {// 更新日历数据updateCalendar() {this.weeks = this.generateCalendarData(this.year, this.month);this.markEvents();this.initSelection(this.value);},// 生成日历数据generateCalendarData(year, month) {// 实现与上文相同的函数// ...},// 切换月份changeMonth(offset) {let newMonth = this.month + offset;let newYear = this.year;if (newMonth < 1) {newMonth = 12;newYear--;} else if (newMonth > 12) {newMonth = 1;newYear++;}this.year = newYear;this.month = newMonth;this.updateCalendar();},// 选择日期selectDay(day) {if (day.disable) return;if (this.multiple) {const index = this.selectedDays.findIndex(d => d.year === day.year && d.month === day.month && d.day === day.day);if (index === -1) {// 添加选中日期this.selectedDays.push({year: day.year,month: day.month,day: day.day});} else {// 取消选中this.selectedDays.splice(index, 1);}} else {// 单选模式this.selectedDays = [{year: day.year,month: day.month,day: day.day}];}// 更新选中状态this.updateSelectedStatus();// 触发事件this.$emit('input', this.getSelectedDates());this.$emit('change', this.getSelectedDates());},// 初始化选中状态initSelection(value) {if (!value) {this.selectedDays = [];} else if (Array.isArray(value)) {this.selectedDays = value.map(date => ({year: date.getFullYear(),month: date.getMonth() + 1,day: date.getDate()}));} else if (value instanceof Date) {this.selectedDays = [{year: value.getFullYear(),month: value.getMonth() + 1,day: value.getDate()}];}this.updateSelectedStatus();},// 更新选中状态updateSelectedStatus() {this.weeks = this.weeks.map(week => {return week.map(day => {const isSelected = this.selectedDays.some(d => d.year === day.year && d.month === day.month && d.day === day.day);return { ...day, isSelected };});});},// 标记事件markEvents() {if (!this.events || !this.events.length) return;this.weeks = this.weeks.map(week => {return week.map(day => {const hasEvent = this.events.some(event => {const eventDate = new Date(event.date);return eventDate.getFullYear() === day.year &&eventDate.getMonth() + 1 === day.month &&eventDate.getDate() === day.day;});return { ...day, hasEvent };});});},// 返回选中的日期对象getSelectedDates() {const dates = this.selectedDays.map(d => {return new Date(d.year, d.month - 1, d.day);});return this.multiple ? dates : dates[0] || null;},// 跳转到今天goToToday() {const today = new Date();this.year = today.getFullYear();this.month = today.getMonth() + 1;this.updateCalendar();},// 清除选择clearSelection() {this.selectedDays = [];this.updateSelectedStatus();this.$emit('input', this.multiple ? [] : null);this.$emit('change', this.multiple ? [] : null);}}
};
</script><style lang="scss">
.calendar {background-color: #fff;border-radius: 12rpx;box-shadow: 0 2rpx 12rpx rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);padding: 20rpx;.calendar-header {display: flex;justify-content: space-between;align-items: center;margin-bottom: 20rpx;.calendar-title {font-size: 32rpx;font-weight: bold;}.calendar-controls {display: flex;.prev-month, .next-month {width: 60rpx;height: 60rpx;display: flex;justify-content: center;align-items: center;.iconfont {font-size: 28rpx;color: #666;}}}}.calendar-weeks {display: flex;border-bottom: 1px solid #f0f0f0;padding-bottom: 10rpx;.week-item {flex: 1;text-align: center;font-size: 28rpx;color: #999;.weekend {color: #ff5252;}}}.calendar-days {.calendar-week {display: flex;margin-top: 10rpx;.day-item {flex: 1;height: 80rpx;display: flex;flex-direction: column;justify-content: center;align-items: center;position: relative;border-radius: 8rpx;&.current-month {color: #333;}&.other-month {color: #ccc;}&.today {background-color: rgba(41, 121, 255, 0.1);.day-number {font-weight: bold;}}&.selected {background-color: v-bind(themeColor);color: #fff;.lunar-date {color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.8);}}&.disabled {color: #ddd;cursor: not-allowed;}.day-number {font-size: 28rpx;}.lunar-date {font-size: 20rpx;color: #999;margin-top: 4rpx;}.event-dot {position: absolute;width: 8rpx;height: 8rpx;border-radius: 50%;background-color: #ff5252;bottom: 6rpx;}}}}.calendar-footer {display: flex;justify-content: flex-end;margin-top: 20rpx;.btn-today, .btn-clear {padding: 6rpx 20rpx;font-size: 24rpx;border-radius: 4rpx;margin-left: 20rpx;}.btn-today {background-color: v-bind(themeColor);color: #fff;}.btn-clear {border: 1px solid #ddd;color: #666;}}
}
</style>

农历计算

对于农历的计算，我们可以使用第三方库，比如 lunar-calendar，也可以自己实现。以下是一个简化版的农历计算函数：

function getLunarDate(year, month, day) {// 实际项目中建议使用成熟的农历库// 这里只做简单演示const lunarInfo = [0x04bd8, 0x04ae0, 0x0a570, 0x054d5, 0x0d260, 0x0d950, 0x16554, 0x056a0, 0x09ad0, 0x055d2,// ... 更多农历数据];// 简化版的农历计算，实际项目中请使用完整实现const lunarDay = ['初一', '初二', '初三', '初四', '初五', '初六', '初七', '初八', '初九', '初十','十一', '十二', '十三', '十四', '十五', '十六', '十七', '十八', '十九', '二十','廿一', '廿二', '廿三', '廿四', '廿五', '廿六', '廿七', '廿八', '廿九', '三十'];// 模拟计算农历日期，实际使用中请使用准确算法const dayIndex = (year * 10000 + month * 100 + day) % 30;return lunarDay[dayIndex];
}

实际使用示例

下面是在实际项目中使用这个日历组件的示例：

<template><view class="container"><view class="header"><text class="title">我的日程</text></view><view class="calendar-wrapper"><Calendarv-model="selectedDate":events="eventList"themeColor="#42b983"@change="onDateChange"/></view><view class="event-list"><view class="list-title"><text>{{ formatDate(selectedDate) }}的日程</text></view><view class="empty-tip" v-if="!todayEvents.length"><text>暂无日程安排</text></view><view class="event-item" v-for="(event, index) in todayEvents" :key="index"><view class="event-time">{{ event.time }}</view><view class="event-content"><text class="event-title">{{ event.title }}</text><text class="event-desc">{{ event.description }}</text></view></view></view></view>
</template><script>
import Calendar from '@/components/calendar/calendar.vue';export default {components: {Calendar},data() {return {selectedDate: new Date(),eventList: [{date: '2023-05-15',title: '项目会议',time: '10:00',description: '讨论新功能开发计划'},{date: '2023-05-18',title: '团队建设',time: '14:00',description: '外出活动'},{date: '2023-05-22',title: '产品发布',time: '09:30',description: '新版本上线'}]};},computed: {todayEvents() {if (!this.selectedDate) return [];const dateStr = this.formatDate(this.selectedDate);return this.eventList.filter(event => event.date === dateStr);}},methods: {onDateChange(date) {console.log('选中日期变化:', date);},formatDate(date) {if (!date) return '';const year = date.getFullYear();const month = (date.getMonth() + 1).toString().padStart(2, '0');const day = date.getDate().toString().padStart(2, '0');return `${year}-${month}-${day}`;}}
};
</script><style lang="scss">
.container {padding: 30rpx;.header {margin-bottom: 30rpx;.title {font-size: 36rpx;font-weight: bold;}}.calendar-wrapper {margin-bottom: 40rpx;}.event-list {background-color: #fff;border-radius: 12rpx;padding: 20rpx;box-shadow: 0 2rpx 12rpx rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);.list-title {font-size: 30rpx;font-weight: bold;margin-bottom: 20rpx;color: #333;}.empty-tip {text-align: center;padding: 40rpx 0;color: #999;}.event-item {display: flex;padding: 20rpx 0;border-bottom: 1px solid #f5f5f5;&:last-child {border-bottom: none;}.event-time {width: 120rpx;color: #666;}.event-content {flex: 1;.event-title {font-size: 28rpx;color: #333;margin-bottom: 6rpx;}.event-desc {font-size: 24rpx;color: #999;}}}}
}
</style>