有这样一个问题,工厂中要统计某个供应商送货检验的情况,依照其连续合格次数,决定是否免检,不使用游标或者循环,如何写这个sql。
 此情景也可以用于统计连胜记录等
先要学习一下 窗函数LAG,指的是按分组和排序,取到之前(before)行的值。
假如表是这样的:
 
 建表语句如下:
CREATE TABLE InspectionResults (ID int NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,MaterialCode varchar(50) DEFAULT NULL,InspectionTime datetime DEFAULT NULL,InspectionOutcome varchar(10) DEFAULT NULL,PRIMARY KEY (ID)
)
ENGINE = INNODB,
AUTO_INCREMENT = 1,
CHARACTER SET utf8mb4,
COLLATE utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci;
按照物料,统计最大的连续合格次数,结果是:
 
 以下是sql语句
WITH RankedResults AS (  SELECT  MaterialCode,  InspectionTime,  InspectionOutcome,  CASE  WHEN InspectionOutcome = 'Y' AND   (LAG(InspectionOutcome) OVER (PARTITION BY MaterialCode ORDER BY InspectionTime) IS NULL OR   LAG(InspectionOutcome) OVER (PARTITION BY MaterialCode ORDER BY InspectionTime) <> 'Y')  THEN 1 ELSE 0  END AS StartSequence  FROM  InspectionResults  
),  
ConsecutiveGroups AS (  SELECT  MaterialCode,  InspectionTime,  InspectionOutcome,  SUM(StartSequence) OVER (PARTITION BY MaterialCode ORDER BY InspectionTime) AS SequenceGroup  FROM  RankedResults  WHERE  InspectionOutcome = 'Y'  
),  
MaxConsecutiveCounts AS (  SELECT  MaterialCode,  SequenceGroup,  COUNT(*) AS ConsecutiveCount  FROM  ConsecutiveGroups  GROUP BY  MaterialCode,  SequenceGroup  
)  
SELECT  MaterialCode,  MAX(ConsecutiveCount) AS MaxConsecutivePasses  
FROM  MaxConsecutiveCounts  
GROUP BY  MaterialCode;
关键的中间步骤,请注意观察表中的数据:
 
WITH RankedResults AS (  SELECT  MaterialCode,  InspectionTime,  InspectionOutcome,  CASE  WHEN InspectionOutcome = 'Y' AND   (LAG(InspectionOutcome) OVER (PARTITION BY MaterialCode ORDER BY InspectionTime) IS NULL OR   LAG(InspectionOutcome) OVER (PARTITION BY MaterialCode ORDER BY InspectionTime) <> 'Y')  THEN 1   ELSE 0  END AS StartSequence  FROM  InspectionResults  
) 
SELECT  MaterialCode,  InspectionTime,  InspectionOutcome, StartSequence, SUM(StartSequence) OVER (PARTITION BY MaterialCode ORDER BY InspectionTime) AS SequenceGroup  
FROM  RankedResults  ;