在哪能找到陌生人聊骚

by Alex Lacey

通过亚历克斯·莱西

找工作吗？这是说服陌生人帮助您找到一个人的方法 (Looking for a job? Here’s how to convince strangers to help you find one)

我过去获得40个推荐的7个步骤 (The 7-step process that I used to get 40 referrals)

In an increasingly competitive job market, landing a first-round job interview can be a major challenge in itself. However, there is one surefire way to increase your chances: a referral from someone at the company you want to work for. This is obvious, but what if you don’t know anyone at that company?

在竞争日益激烈的就业市场中，进行第一轮工作面试本身就是一个重大挑战。但是，有一种万无一失的方法可以增加您的机会：从您想要工作的公司的某人推荐。这很明显，但是如果您不认识该公司的任何人怎么办？

In my recent job-search, I received referrals for 40 jobs at 40 hard-to-reach companies despite not knowing anyone at 38 of them. My strategy was simple. I used my free one-month trial of LinkedIn Premium (the Recruiter Lite version) to ask relevant individuals at each company. I asked for a short phone call to hear about their experiences. At the end of the call, I asked them for a referral to work there. Here’s the shocking part: every single person said yes.

在最近的求职搜索中，尽管我不认识其中的38家公司，但仍推荐了40家难以达到的公司40个工作。我的策略很简单。我使用我的LinkedIn Premium(为Recruiter Lite版本)进行的为期一个月的免费试用，询问了每个公司的相关人员。我打了个简短的电话，以听听他们的经历。通话结束时，我要求他们转介到那里工作。这是令人震惊的部分： 每个人都说是的。

Over time, I’ve refined this process to maximum efficiency, and I believe that countless others could benefit from the lessons I’ve learned. So, without further ado, here is a 7-step guide to getting referrals for any job application:

随着时间的流逝，我将这个过程改进到最大效率，并且我相信无数其他人可以从我学到的教训中受益。因此，事不宜迟，这是获取任何求职申请推荐信的7个步骤：

Every LinkedIn member is eligible for a free one-month trial of LinkedIn Premium, which provides a handful of features not available to free accounts.

每个LinkedIn会员都有资格免费获得为期一个月的LinkedIn Premium试用版，该试用版提供了一些免费帐户无法使用的功能。

By far the best of these features is InMail, which allows you to send messages to anyone among the more than 500 million users on LinkedIn. As far as I’m aware, there has been nothing else in the entire course of human history that gives regular people the ability to directly contact such a large pool of individuals.

到目前为止，这些功能中最好的就是InMail，它使您可以向LinkedIn上超过5亿用户中的任何人发送消息。据我所知，在人类历史的整个过程中，没有任何其他事物可以使普通人直接与如此庞大的个人联系。

There are four versions of LinkedIn Premium that are available for a free one-month trial. Although the “Premium Career” option (normally $30/month) was supposedly designed for job-seekers, I recommend the “Recruiter Lite” (normally $100/month) plan for a few reasons:

有四种版本的LinkedIn Premium可供免费试用一个月。尽管“ Premium Career”(高级职业)选项(通常为每月30美元)据说是为求职者设计的，但出于以下几个原因，我还是推荐“ Recruiter Lite”(通常为100美元/月)计划：

Unlimited browsing of others’ profiles
无限浏览他人的个人资料
Advanced search functionality (including a job title filter)
进阶搜寻功能(包括职称筛选器)
30 InMail messages per month instead of 3
每月30封InMail邮件，而不是3封
Unlimited InMail messages to other LinkedIn Premium members.
无限发给其他LinkedIn Premium会员的InMail邮件。

Even if your job-search continues after the first free month or you’ve already used your trial in the past, I still believe that these features are worth the price.

即使您的求职在第一个免费月份之后继续进行，或者您过去已经使用过试用版，我仍然相信这些功能值得您付出代价。

I should also note that the LinkedIn Recruiter Lite plan has its own separate interface accessible on the top right of the page, and your InMail message credits will only be available there, not in your regular LinkedIn account.

我还应注意，LinkedIn Recruiter Lite计划在页面的右上角有单独的界面，您的InMail邮件信用仅在此处可用，而在常规LinkedIn帐户中则不可用。

第2步：在LinkedIn上找到您想要联系的人 (Step 2: Find people on LinkedIn that you want to contact)

For each employer that you’re interested in, you should use the Recruiter Lite search parameters to select 2–3 people that you might reach out to. Finding the right people is not an exact science, but here are some possible criteria:

对于您感兴趣的每个雇主，您都应该使用Recruiter Lite搜索参数来选择可能与您联系的2-3个人。寻找合适的人并不是一门精确的科学，但是这里有一些可能的标准：

Currently at the company
目前在公司

You should use this filter for every search. The default is “Current or Past” and you should change it to “Current”. Sometimes, people have two jobs listed as current on their LinkedIn profile. This often means that they switched jobs and never officially “ended” the other job on LinkedIn. In this case, their current job is the one with the most recent start date, which can be determined by clicking on their profile.
您应该为每个搜索使用此过滤器。默认值为“当前或过去”，您应将其更改为“当前”。有时，人们在其LinkedIn资料中列出了两项最新职位。这通常意味着他们换了工作，而从未正式“终止” LinkedIn上的其他工作。在这种情况下，他们的当前工作是开始日期最近的工作，可以通过单击他们的个人资料来确定。
1st-degree connections
一度连接

If you already know someone at a company, they can give you a “warm introduction” to someone that has the role you desire. This is by far the most common tactic that people use to get referrals. Also although it has a higher rate of success than reaching out to strangers, it is inherently limited by the size of your network. As such, do not rely on this in isolation.
如果您已经认识公司的某个人，他们可以为您提供一个“热情的介绍”，以介绍您所期望的角色。到目前为止，这是人们获得推荐的最常见策略。同样，尽管它的成功率比与陌生人接触的成功率高，但它固有地受到网络规模的限制。因此，不要孤立地依靠它。
LinkedIn premium members
领英高级会员

It costs zero InMail credits to contact someone who also has a LinkedIn Premium subscription. People who have LinkedIn Premium are generally more active on the platform. This means that they’re slightly more likely to respond than a non-premium member. For large companies, I was able to solely contact these members and save up InMail credits for smaller companies. Although it’s not possible to filter a search to premium members only, the algorithm seems to push them to the top of the results. Additionally, the gold LinkedIn logo next to their information makes them quite easy to identify.
与拥有LinkedIn Premium订阅的人联系，其InMail信用额度为零。拥有LinkedIn Premium的人通常在平台上更活跃。这意味着与非高级会员相比，他们更有可能做出回应。对于大型公司，我能够仅与这些成员联系，并为小型公司节省InMail信用。尽管不可能仅将搜索过滤为高级会员，但是该算法似乎将它们推到了结果的顶部。此外，他们信息旁边的金色LinkedIn徽标使它们易于识别。
Job title similarity
职位名称相似

You should use the “position” search filter to find people that have similar job-titles to the one you are seeking. Their referral often carries more weight than a referral from someone else at the company.
您应该使用“职位”搜索过滤器来查找具有与所寻找职位相似的职位的人员。与公司其他人的推荐相比，他们的推荐通常具有更大的分量。
Seniority
资历

Give preference to higher-level people, as their referrals also carry more weight. For medium to large companies, it should not be difficult to find someone who has a related role at a higher level with a LinkedIn Premium account. It takes a bit of digging to find out how an employer’s hierarchy works. However, it can often be found by viewing the LinkedIn profiles of senior people that have been at a company for a long time. Their history of various roles at the company can be helpful. It’s important to note that many higher-ups have a lot of sources vying for their attention. Thus the rate of success in contacting them will be significantly lower, but still worth a shot. If they do agree to chat, they’re more likely to be comfortable with giving a referral, than an entry-level employee. This may be because they’re more familiar with the process
优先考虑上级人士，因为他们的推荐人也具有更大的分量。对于大中型公司，找到具有LinkedIn Premium帐户较高级别的相关角色的人并不难。需要花点时间才能找出雇主的等级制度是如何工作的。但是，通常可以通过查看已经在公司工作了很长时间的老年人的LinkedIn资料来找到它。他们在公司担任各种职务的经历可能会有所帮助。重要的是要注意，许多高层人士都在争夺他们的注意力。因此，联系他们的成功率将大大降低，但仍然值得一试。如果他们确实同意聊天，那么与入门级员工相比，他们更愿意推荐人。这可能是因为他们更熟悉该过程
2nd-degree connections
二度连接

Suppose you have a mutual connection with someone. You can ask your shared connection to give you a formal introduction to them on LinkedIn. If you don’t know your mutual connection well enough to ask for an introduction, you can mention that you both know the person in your message to them.
假设您与某人有相互联系。您可以要求共享的连接，以便在LinkedIn上对它们进行正式介绍。如果您对彼此之间的联系不太了解，无法要求介绍，则可以提及在您给他们的消息中双方都认识这个人。
University
大学

If they attended the same college as you, that’s one instant factor in which you can relate to them. This will make them more likely to agree to take time to speak with you on the phone. In my own experience, I’ve found that graduates from a non-Ivy League schools, such as myself, working in hard-to-reach companies were likely to help. Perhaps this is because they also had to work a bit harder in the application process.
如果他们和您上同一所大学，那是您与他们建立联系的一个直接因素。这将使他们更有可能同意花时间与您通话。以我自己的经验，我发现像我这样的非常春藤盟校的毕业生在难以到达的公司工作可能会有所帮助。也许这是因为他们在申请过程中还必须加倍努力。
Anything else you have in common
您有其他共同点

Location, college major, hometown, interests, and so on. Everything on their LinkedIn profile is fair game.
地理位置，大学专业，故乡，兴趣爱好等等。他们的领英个人资料上的所有内容都是公平的游戏。

There are a lot of factors to consider, but it’s important to not over-analyze each person’s profile in an attempt to find the “perfect” referral. Spend 10 minutes choosing 5–10 people at a company and move on. To stay organized, you can set up a new “project” in the recruiter interface for saving profiles that you want to contact.

有很多因素需要考虑，但重要的是不要过度分析每个人的个人资料以试图找到“完美”的推荐人。花10分钟时间在公司选择5至10个人，然后继续前进。为了保持井井有条，您可以在招聘者界面中设置一个新的“项目”，以保存要联系的个人资料。

步骤3：将InMail发送给您找到的人 (Step 3: Send InMail to the people you’ve found)

First, before reaching out to anyone, make sure that your LinkedIn profile is completely updated and looks as impressive as possible. Some of the people you contact will look at your profile.

首先，在与任何人联系之前，请确保您的LinkedIn个人资料已完全更新，并且看起来尽可能令人印象深刻。您联系的某些人会查看您的个人资料。

When you are ready to send a message to someone, the content of the message is important. To maximize your chances of receiving a response, ask them for a 15-minute phone call to discuss their experiences with the company. Here’s a stock message you can use:

准备好向某人发送消息时，消息的内容很重要。为了最大程度地获得回复的机会，请他们打15分钟的电话与他们讨论与公司的经验。这是您可以使用的股票消息：

Hi [their name],

嗨[他们的名字]

My name is [your name]. I’m currently looking into jobs within [specific industry], and I saw that there was a posting at [their company]. [mention anything you and them have in common, if applicable].

我叫[你的名字]。我目前正在寻找[特定行业]内的工作，并且发现[他们的公司]有职位。 [提及您和他们的共同点(如果适用)。

I don’t know too much about what this role looks like at [their company], and I’d love to hear about your experiences. Would you be able to chat on the phone for ~15 minutes sometime this week?

我不太了解[他们的公司]这个职位的模样，我很想听听您的经历。这个星期您能在电话上聊天约15分钟吗？

[your name]

[你的名字]

Resist the urge to add extra details that aren’t 100% necessary. The recipient will be less likely to read the whole message. If you do add something, make sure it truly increases your likelihood of getting a response

抵制增加不必要的额外细节的冲动。收件人将不太可能阅读整个邮件。如果您确实添加了一些东西，请确保它确实增加了您获得回应的可能性

Side note: If you’re a student, always mention it, because people love to help students.

旁注：如果您是学生，请务必提起它，因为人们喜欢帮助学生。

It’s important to remember that this process is inherently hit-and-miss. Some (most) of the people you reach out to will not respond, and that’s okay. Do not over-analyze the situation or let this discourage you.

重要的是要记住，此过程本质上是一击而败。与您联系的某些人(大多数)不会做出回应，没关系。不要过度分析情况，否则会让您沮丧。

步骤4：安排时间进行交谈 (Step 4: Plan out a time to talk)

If the person replies, make sure to be prompt in your response to them. They’ll often ask you to send a few time slots in which you’re available. As a courtesy, provide a wide range of availability in their time-zone. This can be inferred from their location listed on their LinkedIn profile.

如果对方回复，请确保在回复中Swift提示您。他们经常会要求您发送几个有空的时间段。出于礼貌，请在其时区提供广泛的可用性。这可以从其LinkedIn个人资料中列出的位置推断出来。

People will often want to talk during their work-hours, most commonly on Fridays. This is especially true for consultants, though there are exceptions.

人们通常会在工作时间里聊天，最常见的是星期五。对于顾问来说尤其如此，尽管有例外。

步骤5：通过电话与他们交谈 (Step 5: Talk to them on the phone)

You should be prepared for the call with a few questions for them, as you will be expected to guide the conversation. As with in-person interviews, the general rule-of-thumb is that you want to ask subjective questions. They would likely provide a different answer than someone else. Do not concrete questions that could be answered with a Google Search. Here are some ideas:

您应该为通话做好准备，并为他们提供一些问题，因为这将指导您进行对话。与面对面采访一样，一般的经验法则是您要提出主观问题。他们可能会提供与其他人不同的答案。不要提出Google搜索可以回答的具体问题。这里有一些想法：

“How does this role differ from this role at [similar companies]?”
“这个角色与[类似公司]的角色有何不同？”
“Based on your experience, what is the company culture like compared to other places you’ve worked?”
“根据您的经验，与您工作过的其他地方相比，公司的文化如何？”
“How does this job compare to [previous job listed on their LinkedIn profile]?”
“与[LinkedIn个人资料中列出的先前职位]相比，该职位如何？”
“What does the day-to-day work look like in this role?”
“担任这个职位的日常工作是什么样的？”
“How would you define success in this role?”
“您如何定义这个角色的成功？”
“If I were to receive this job or a similar job, how do you recommend that I prepare for it?”
“如果我要接受这份工作或类似的工作，您如何建议我为此做准备？”
“Do you have any general advice for me in my job search process?”
“在我的求职过程中，您对我有什么一般建议吗？”

Then, after 10–15 minutes, ask the following question:

然后，在10到15分钟后，问以下问题：

“I know that the role is super competitive, so do you think it would be valuable for me to seek out a referral from you or someone else at the company?”

“我知道这个职位具有极强的竞争力，那么您认为对我或您推荐公司的其他人推荐我是否有价值？”

You’ll be surprised how often they say yes.

他们会多久回答一次，您会感到惊讶。

If they agree, you should then ask about how the referral process works, because it varies between employers. In smaller companies, they’ll usually just send your resume to a recruiter. At larger companies, there is often a simple form that they can fill out. In most cases, the company will want you to apply online also. However, employers vary on whether you should submit the application before or after the referral. Make sure you find out. Often, the person you’re speaking with won’t know the details of the referral process offhand, so they’ll need some time to inquire.

如果他们同意，那么您应该问一下推荐程序的工作原理，因为雇主之间会有所不同。在较小的公司中，他们通常只会将您的简历发送给招聘人员。在大型公司中，通常可以填写一个简单的表格。在大多数情况下，公司也会希望您也在线申请。但是，雇主对您是否应该在推荐之前或之后提交申请有所不同。确保找到答案。通常，与您交谈的人不会立即了解推荐过程的详细信息，因此他们将需要一些时间来询问。

步骤6：跟进 (Step 6: Follow up)

Your communication with each person should continue beyond the initial referral. This is necessary because it facilitates future contact if necessary. Maybe you’ll need a referral again someday, but more importantly, it shows them that their favor meant a lot to you.

您与每个人的交流应在初次转介后继续进行。这是必要的，因为如果需要，它可以促进将来的联系。也许有一天您将需要再次推荐，但更重要的是，它向他们表明，他们的青睐对您而言意义重大。

I recommend following up the next day with a LinkedIn connection request. This allows you to contact them again in the future after your premium subscription is over), including a message like this one:

我建议第二天跟进LinkedIn连接请求。这样，您便可以在高级订阅结束后再与他们联系)，其中包括这样的消息：

“Once again, thank you so much for speaking with me yesterday and referring me to [their company]! I’ll keep you updated on the outcome of the application process.”

“再次，非常感谢您昨天与我交谈并将我引荐给[他们的公司]！我会及时通知您申请过程的结果。”

In addition, you should update them once the outcome of that specific application has been decided. They’ll often be notified by the recruiter about whether you got the job, but it’s also nice to communicate with them personally. Also you should contact them again once you accept a job offer somewhere.

此外，一旦确定了特定应用程序的结果，就应该更新它们。招聘人员通常会通知他们您是否找到了工作，但与他们进行个人交流也很高兴。另外，一旦您在某处接受工作邀请，就应该再次与他们联系。

步骤7：预付款 (Step 7: Pay it forward)

In the grand scheme of things, this is the most important step. When others ask you for career-help in the future, remember the people who helped you. Give advice. Be a mentor. Go above and beyond for them. Then, further in the future, the people that you helped will do the same for others, and so on.

在宏伟的计划中，这是最重要的一步。当其他人将来要求您提供职业帮助时，请记住帮助过您的人。提建议。成为导师。超越他们。然后，在将来，您所帮助的人将为他人做同样的事情，依此类推。

If you get the chance, please respond in the comment section of this article to let me know how you were able to network to find a job. Eventually, I’d like to publish an updated version of this article that includes information from others too.

如果有机会，请在本文的评论部分中回复，以让我知道您如何通过网络找到工作。最终，我想发布本文的更新版本，其中也包含来自其他人的信息。

And above all else: never give up hope. Rejection will happen. Do not allow yourself to get discouraged. Good luck!

最重要的是：永不放弃希望。拒绝将会发生。不要让自己灰心。祝好运！