解析器
作用:
根据请求头 content-type 选择对应的解析器对请求体内容进行处理。
有application/json，x-www-form-urlencoded，form-data等格式使用:局部使用:from rest_framework.parsers import JSONParser,FormParseparser_classes = [JSONParser, ]全局使用:REST_FRAMEWORK = {'DEFAULT_PARSER_CLASSES':['rest_framework.parsers.JSONParser''rest_framework.parsers.FormParser''rest_framework.parsers.MultiPartParser']
}局部使用指定的解析器:parser_classes = [JSONParser, ]
路由控制
三种
1.基本路由:url(r'^admin/', admin.site.urls)
2.半自动路由: url(r'^users/$', views.Users.as_view({'get':'list','post':'create'})),必须继承:ViewSetMixin,继承顺序3.from django.conf.urls import url,include
from app01 import views
from rest_framework import routers
router=routers.DefaultRouter()
# 两个参数，一个是匹配的路由，一个是视图中写的CBV的类
router.register('publish',views.PublishView)
urlpatterns = [# http://127.0.0.1:8000/publish/format=json(渲染器通过这个判断，返回渲染的页面)# url(r'^publish/', views.PublishView.as_view({'get':'list','post':'create'})),# http://127.0.0.1:8000/publish.json(渲染器通过这个判断，返回渲染的页面)# url(r'^publish\.(?P<format>\w+)$', views.PublishView.as_view({'get':'list','post':'create'})),# 可以用 以下方式访问# 1 http://127.0.0.1:8000/publish/# 2 http://127.0.0.1:8000/publish.json# 3 http://127.0.0.1:8000/publish/3# 4 http://127.0.0.1:8000/publish/3.json url(r'',include(router.urls))
]
响应器
一般不需要配置,使用默认的作用:
根据 用户请求URL 或 用户可接受的类型，筛选出合适的 渲染组件。
用户请求URL：http://127.0.0.1:8000/test/?format=jsonhttp://127.0.0.1:8000/test.json内置的响应器
显示json格式：JSONRenderer
http://127.0.0.1:8000/test/?format=json
http://127.0.0.1:8000/test.json
http://127.0.0.1:8000/test/默认显示格式：BrowsableAPIRenderer（可以修改它的html文件）
http://127.0.0.1:8000/test/?format=api
http://127.0.0.1:8000/test.api
http://127.0.0.1:8000/test/表格方式：AdminRenderer
http://127.0.0.1:8000/test/?format=admin
http://127.0.0.1:8000/test.admin
http://127.0.0.1:8000/test/form表单方式：HTMLFormRenderer
http://127.0.0.1:8000/test/?format=form
http://127.0.0.1:8000/test.form
http://127.0.0.1:8000/test/局部使用:
from rest_framework.renderers import HTMLFormRenderer,BrowsableAPIRenderer
class BookDetailView(APIView):renderer_classes = [HTMLFormRenderer,BrowsableAPIRenderer ]全局使用:REST_FRAMEWORK = {'DEFAULT_RENDERER_CLASSES':['rest_framework.renderers.JSONRenderer']
}
响应器的配置文件查找顺序
1.先从我们定义的视图类中找
class APIView(View):#我们定义的视图类继承了APIView,如果在视图类中定义了renderer(响应器,渲染器)_classes,则优先使用我们定义的renderer_classes = api_settings.DEFAULT_RENDERER_CLASSES2.再从配置文件中找
api_settings.DEFAULT_RENDERER_CLASSES
#api_settings如果没有DEFAULT_RENDERER_CLASSES属性,会触发__getattr__方法def __getattr__(self, attr):...try:#先从user_settings中查找val = self.user_settings[attr]except KeyError:#如果没有找到,从默认配置中找val = self.defaults[attr]if attr in self.import_strings:val = perform_import(val, attr)self._cached_attrs.add(attr)setattr(self, attr, val)return val@propertydef user_settings(self):if not hasattr(self, '_user_settings'):#从配置文件的'REST_FRAMEWORK'中查找self._user_settings = getattr(settings, 'REST_FRAMEWORK', {})return self._user_settings3.从默认配置中找def __init__(self, user_settings=None, defaults=None, import_strings=None):if user_settings:...#可以实例化的时候传入self.defaults = defaults or DEFAULTS
#默认的配置文件
DEFAULTS = {# Base API policies'DEFAULT_RENDERER_CLASSES': ('rest_framework.renderers.JSONRenderer','rest_framework.renderers.BrowsableAPIRenderer',)
