1.Spring Security概念
Spring Security是Spring采用 AOP
思想,基于 servlet过滤器
实现的安全框架。它提供了完善的认证机制和方法级的授权功能。是一款非常优秀的权限管理框架。
Spring Security是一个功能强大且高度可定制的身份验证和访问控制框架。它是用于保护基于Spring的应用程序的事实上的标准。
Spring Security是一个框架,致力于为Java应用程序提供身份验证和授权。像所有Spring项目一样,Spring Security的真正强大之处在于它可以轻松扩展以满足定制需求的能力。
特征
- 对身份验证和授权的全面且可扩展的支持
- 保护免受会话固定,点击劫持,跨站点请求伪造等攻击
- Servlet API集成
- 与Spring Web MVC的可选集成
1.2 快速入门案例
1.2.1 环境准备
我们准备一个SpringMVC+Spring+jsp的Web环境,然后在这个基础上整合SpringSecurity。
首先创建Web项目
pom文件中,添加相关的依赖
<dependencies><dependency><groupId>junit</groupId><artifactId>junit</artifactId><version>4.11</version><scope>test</scope></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId><version>5.2.1.RELEASE</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>javax.servlet</groupId><artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId><version>2.5</version><scope>provided</scope></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.slf4j</groupId><artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId><version>1.7.25</version></dependency></dependencies>
添加相关的配置文件
Spring配置文件(applicationContext.xml)
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beanshttp://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsdhttp://www.springframework.org/schema/contexthttp://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd"><!--扫描service层--><context:component-scan base-package="com.techstone.sec.service" ></context:component-scan>
</beans>
SpringMVC配置文件(spring-mvc.xml)
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beanshttp://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsdhttp://www.springframework.org/schema/contexthttp://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsdhttp://www.springframework.org/schema/mvchttp://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd"><!--扫描controller层--><context:component-scan base-package="com.techstone.sec.controller"></context:component-scan><!-- 开启注解扫描 --><mvc:annotation-driven ></mvc:annotation-driven></beans>
log4j.properties文件
log4j.rootCategory=INFO, stdoutlog4j.appender.stdout=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
log4j.appender.stdout.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.stdout.layout.ConversionPattern=[QC] %p [%t] %C.%M(%L) | %m%n
web.xml (webapp->WEB-INF文件夹下)
<!DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC"-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN""http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd" >
<web-app version="2.5" id="WebApp_ID" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaeehttp://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"><display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name><!-- 初始化spring容器 --><context-param><param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name><param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value></context-param><listener><listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class></listener><!-- post乱码过滤器 --><filter><filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name><filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class><init-param><param-name>encoding</param-name><param-value>utf-8</param-value></init-param></filter><filter-mapping><filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name><url-pattern>/*</url-pattern></filter-mapping><!-- 前端控制器 --><servlet><servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name><servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class><!-- contextConfigLocation不是必须的, 如果不配置contextConfigLocation, springmvc的配置文件默认在:WEB-INF/servlet的name+"-servlet.xml" --><init-param><param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name><param-value>classpath:spring-mvc.xml</param-value></init-param><load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup></servlet><servlet-mapping><servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name><!-- 拦截所有请求jsp除外 --><url-pattern>/</url-pattern></servlet-mapping></web-app>
pom文件中,添加Tomcat的插件 启动测试
<build><plugins><plugin><groupId>org.apache.tomcat.maven</groupId><artifactId>tomcat7-maven-plugin</artifactId><version>2.2</version><configuration><port>8088</port><path>/</path></configuration></plugin></plugins></build>
webapp下,自定义主页面(index.jsp页面)
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<body&g