报错如下
Looking in indexes: https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple
Collecting mysqlclientUsing cached https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/packages/61/68/810093cb579daae426794bbd9d88aa830fae296e85172d18cb0f0e5dd4bc/mysqlclient-2.2.7.tar.gz (91 kB)Installing build dependencies ... doneGetting requirements to build wheel ... errorerror: subprocess-exited-with-error× Getting requirements to build wheel did not run successfully.│ exit code: 1╰─> [29 lines of output]Trying pkg-config --exists mysqlclientCommand 'pkg-config --exists mysqlclient' returned non-zero exit status 1.Trying pkg-config --exists mariadbCommand 'pkg-config --exists mariadb' returned non-zero exit status 1.Trying pkg-config --exists libmariadbCommand 'pkg-config --exists libmariadb' returned non-zero exit status 1.Trying pkg-config --exists perconaserverclientCommand 'pkg-config --exists perconaserverclient' returned non-zero exit status 1.Traceback (most recent call last):File "/root/miniconda3/envs/shop/lib/python3.12/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pyproject_hooks/_in_process/_in_process.py", line 389, in <module>main()File "/root/miniconda3/envs/shop/lib/python3.12/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pyproject_hooks/_in_process/_in_process.py", line 373, in mainjson_out["return_val"] = hook(**hook_input["kwargs"])^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^File "/root/miniconda3/envs/shop/lib/python3.12/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pyproject_hooks/_in_process/_in_process.py", line 143, in get_requires_for_build_wheelreturn hook(config_settings)^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^File "/tmp/pip-build-env-ugykwsgl/overlay/lib/python3.12/site-packages/setuptools/build_meta.py", line 334, in get_requires_for_build_wheelreturn self._get_build_requires(config_settings, requirements=[])^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^File "/tmp/pip-build-env-ugykwsgl/overlay/lib/python3.12/site-packages/setuptools/build_meta.py", line 304, in _get_build_requiresself.run_setup()File "/tmp/pip-build-env-ugykwsgl/overlay/lib/python3.12/site-packages/setuptools/build_meta.py", line 320, in run_setupexec(code, locals())File "<string>", line 156, in <module>File "<string>", line 49, in get_config_posixFile "<string>", line 28, in find_package_nameException: Can not find valid pkg-config name.Specify MYSQLCLIENT_CFLAGS and MYSQLCLIENT_LDFLAGS env vars manually[end of output]note: This error originates from a subprocess, and is likely not a problem with pip.
error: subprocess-exited-with-error× Getting requirements to build wheel did not run successfully.
│ exit code: 1
╰─> See above for output.note: This error originates from a subprocess, and is likely not a problem with pip.
报错原因
在 Debian 12 系统上安装 mysqlclient 报错的原因通常是系统缺少必要的依赖库，无法正确编译 mysqlclient。
解决方案
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安装系统依赖
mysqlclient需要一些开发库来进行编译和运行，确保安装以下软件包：sudo apt update sudo apt install -y build-essential python3-dev default-libmysqlclient-devbuild-essential：用于提供 C/C++ 编译器和其他工具。python3-dev：Python 的开发头文件。default-libmysqlclient-dev：MySQL 客户端开发库，提供编译所需的头文件和库。
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使用
pip安装mysqlclient-
确保你的 Python 环境正确，并尝试重新安装
mysqlclient：pip install mysqlclient -
如果你使用的是特定 Python 版本（例如系统中有多个 Python 版本），请确保你使用的是正确的
pip：python3 -m pip install mysqlclient
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检查 MySQL 或 MariaDB 是否已安装（可选）
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如果你的项目需要连接到 MySQL 或 MariaDB，请确保数据库已安装并运行。如果尚未安装，可以使用以下命令安装 MySQL 服务器：
sudo apt install -y mysql-server -
如果使用 MariaDB：
sudo apt install -y mariadb-server
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设置环境变量（如果仍然失败）
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如果依然报错提示
Specify MYSQLCLIENT_CFLAGS and MYSQLCLIENT_LDFLAGS env vars manually，可以手动设置编译环境变量：export MYSQLCLIENT_CFLAGS=$(mysql_config --cflags) export MYSQLCLIENT_LDFLAGS=$(mysql_config --libs) -
然后再次尝试安装：
pip install mysqlclient
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使用预编译的二进制包（可选）
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如果你的环境不需要编译，从 PyPI 安装预编译的
mysqlclient二进制包可以避免依赖问题：pip install --only-binary :all: mysqlclient
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确保 Python 环境干净
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如果你使用的是
conda或虚拟环境，建议在干净的环境中重新尝试。例如：conda create -n myenv python=3.12 conda activate myenv pip install mysqlclient -
通过以上步骤，应该可以成功安装
mysqlclient。如果问题仍未解决，可以提供更多信息，我将进一步协助！
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 》笔记-Chapter12-BOM)
