郑州外贸网站建设公司,专门下软件的app,宜兴网站开发,哈尔滨模板做网站目录 实验条件网络拓朴需求 配置实现1. 配置PC1~3, DHCP_Server的vlan2. VLAN10、20的网关为MSW1对应的SVI#xff0c;VLAN30、40的网关为MSW2对应的SVI#xff1b;3. 配置5台交换机之间线路均为Trunk4. 配置5台交换机均启用Rapid-PVST(RSTP)5. 配置DHCP Server#xff0c;创… 目录 实验条件网络拓朴需求 配置实现1. 配置PC1~3, DHCP_Server的vlan2. VLAN10、20的网关为MSW1对应的SVIVLAN30、40的网关为MSW2对应的SVI3. 配置5台交换机之间线路均为Trunk4. 配置5台交换机均启用Rapid-PVST(RSTP)5. 配置DHCP Server创建3个地址池6. 配置动态路由OSPF7. 配置OR出口路由器PPPoE拨号上网配置ISP服务端配置OR出口路由器OR MSW1 MSW2路由表 8. OR配置端口复用NAT使得内网PC1~3能成功ping通ISP上的8.8.8.8在ISP上配置DNS服务配置端口复用NATPC开始Ping 8.8.8.8网址 PC1 ping 8.8.8.8时手动关闭SW1的E0/1口模拟线路故障观察PC1的数据通信情况优化 实验条件 网络拓朴 需求 PC1属于VLAN10PC2属于VLAN20PC3属于VLAN30DHCP Server属于VLAN40PC1、PC2、PC3的IP地址均采用DHCP方式获取VLAN10、20的网关为MSW1对应的SVIVLAN30、40的网关为MSW2对应的SVI所有5台交换机之间线路均为Trunk其中MSW1和MSW2之间E0/0-1需使用EtherChannel进行捆绑组ID为12模式为on所有5台交换机均启用Rapid-PVST(RSTP)其中MSW1为VLAN10、20的根桥MSW2为备份根桥MSW2为VLAN30、40的根桥MSW1为备份根桥配置DHCP Server创建3个地址池分别为Sales192.168.10.0/24网关为192.168.10.254、Product192.168.20.0/24网关为192.168.20.254、Services192.168.30.0/24网关为192.168.30.254VLAN10、20、30的网关配置DHCP中继至DHCP ServerOR、MSW1、MSW2之间运行OSPF进程ID100Area ID0OR下发默认路由仅当本身存在默认路由时OR配置PPPoE用户名SPOTO 密码SPOTO123ISP没有告知使用哪种认证方式拨号成功后自动获取IP信息以及本地自动生成一条默认路由指向ISPOR配置端口复用NAT使得内网PC1~3能成功ping通ISP上的8.8.8.8PC1 ping 8.8.8.8时手动关闭SW1的E0/1口模拟线路故障观察PC1的数据通信情况。 配置实现 1. 配置PC1~3, DHCP_Server的vlan 需求: PC1属于VLAN10PC2属于VLAN20PC3属于VLAN30DHCP Server属于VLAN40PC1、PC2、PC3的IP地址均采用DHCP方式获取 SW1 SW2 SW3 SW1(config)#int e0/0 SW1(config-if)#switchport mode access SW1(config-if)#switchport access vlan 10 SW1(config-if)#no shutdownMSW1 MSW2 MSW1(config)#vlan 10,20,30,40 MSW1(config-vlan)#exitMSW2(config)#vlan 10,20,30,40 MSW2(config-vlan)#exit MSW2(config)#int e1/2 MSW2(config-if)#switchport mode access MSW2(config-if)#switchport access vlan 40 MSW2(config-if)#no shutdownPC1 PC2 PC3 PC1(config)#no ip routing PC1(config)#int e0/0 PC1(config-if)#ip address dhcp PC1(config-if)#no shutdown PC1(config-if)#DHCP_Server DHCP_Server(config)#no ip routing DHCP_Server(config)#int e0/0 DHCP_Server(config-if)#ip address 192.168.40.1 255.255.255.0 DHCP_Server(config-if)#no shutdown DHCP_Server(config-if)#duplex full DHCP_Server(config-if)#exit DHCP_Server(config)#ip default-gateway 192.168.40.2542. VLAN10、20的网关为MSW1对应的SVIVLAN30、40的网关为MSW2对应的SVI MSW1 MSW1(config)#vlan 10,20,30,40 MSW1(config-vlan)#exit MSW1(config)#int vlan 10 MSW1(config-if)#ip address 192.168.10.254 255.255.255.0 MSW1(config-if)#no shutdown MSW1(config-if)#int vlan 20 MSW1(config-if)#ip address 192.168.20.254 255.255.255.0 MSW1(config-if)#no shutdown MSW1(config-if)#此时的SVI接口down状态.因为没有配置Trunk或是有归属于10,20的vlan, 所以svi没有办法up, 下一步创建trunk的时候,就可以正常了 MSW2 MSW2(config-if)#vlan 10,20,30,40 MSW2(config-vlan)#exit MSW2(config)#int vlan 30 MSW2(config-if)#ip address 192.168.30.254 255.255.255.0 MSW2(config-if)#no shutdown MSW2(config-if)#int vlan 40 MSW2(config-if)#ip address 192.168.40.254 255.255.255.0 MSW2(config-if)#no shutdown3. 配置5台交换机之间线路均为Trunk 所有5台交换机之间线路均为Trunk其中MSW1和MSW2之间E0/0-1需使用EtherChannel进行捆绑组ID为12模式为on MSW1配置 MSW1(config)#int range ethernet 0/0-3, e1/0 MSW1(config-if-range)#switchport trunk encapsulation dot1q MSW1(config-if-range)#switchport mode trunk MSW1(config-if-range)#exit MSW1(config)#int range e0/0-1 MSW1(config-if-range)#channel-group 12 mode on Creating a port-channel interface Port-channel 12MSW1(config-if-range)#MSW2配置 MSW2(config)#int range e0/0-3,e1/0 MSW2(config-if-range)#switchport trunk encapsulation dot1q MSW2(config-if-range)#switchport mode trunk MSW2(config-if-range)#exit MSW2(config)#int range e0/0-1 MSW2(config-if-range)#channel-group 12 mode on Creating a port-channel interface Port-channel 12MSW2(config-if-range)# 查询结果 MSW1(config-if-range)#do show etherchannel summary Flags: D - down P - bundled in port-channelI - stand-alone s - suspendedH - Hot-standby (LACP only)R - Layer3 S - Layer2U - in use N - not in use, no aggregationf - failed to allocate aggregatorM - not in use, minimum links not metm - not in use, port not aggregated due to minimum links not metu - unsuitable for bundlingw - waiting to be aggregatedd - default portA - formed by Auto LAGNumber of channel-groups in use: 1 Number of aggregators: 1Group Port-channel Protocol Ports ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 12 Po12(SU) - Et0/0(P) Et0/1(P) MSW1(config-if-range)#do show int trunkPort Mode Encapsulation Status Native vlan Et0/2 on 802.1q trunking 1 Et0/3 on 802.1q trunking 1 Et1/0 on 802.1q trunking 1 Po12 on 802.1q trunking 1Port Vlans allowed on trunk Et0/2 1-4094 Et0/3 1-4094 Et1/0 1-4094 Po12 1-4094Port Vlans allowed and active in management domain Et0/2 1,10,20,30,40 Et0/3 1,10,20,30,40 Et1/0 1,10,20,30,40 Po12 1,10,20,30,40Port Vlans in spanning tree forwarding state and not pruned Et0/2 1,10,20,30,40 Et0/3 1,10,20,30,40 Et1/0 1,10,20,30,40Port Vlans in spanning tree forwarding state and not pruned Po12 1,10,20,30,40 MSW1(config-if-range)#SW1 SW2 SW3配置 SW1(config)#int range e0/1-2 SW1(config-if-range)#switchport trunk encapsulation dot1q SW1(config-if-range)#switchport mode trunk SW1(config-if-range)#no shutdown SW1(config-if-range)#4. 配置5台交换机均启用Rapid-PVST(RSTP) 所有5台交换机均启用Rapid-PVST(RSTP)其中MSW1为VLAN10、20的根桥MSW2为备份根桥MSW2为VLAN30、40的根桥MSW1为备份根桥 SW1 SW2 SW3 SW1(config)#spanning-tree mode rapid-pvst 配置MSW1为VLAN10、20的根桥, MSW2为备份根桥 MSW1(config)#spanning-tree mode rapid-pvst MSW1(config)#spanning-tree vlan 10,20 priority 0 MSW1(config)#spanning-tree vlan 30,40 priority 4096配置MSW2为VLAN30、40的根桥, MSW1为备份根桥 MSW2(config)#spanning-tree mode rapid-pvst MSW2(config)#spanning-tree vlan 30,40 priority 0 MSW2(config)#spanning-tree vlan 10,20 priority 40965. 配置DHCP Server创建3个地址池 配置DHCP Server创建3个地址池分别为Sales192.168.10.0/24网关为192.168.10.254、Product192.168.20.0/24网关为192.168.20.254、Services192.168.30.0/24网关为192.168.30.254VLAN10、20、30的网关配置DHCP中继至DHCP Server DHCP_Server配置 DHCP_Server(config)#service dhcp // sales地址池 DHCP_Server(config)#ip dhcp pool Sales DHCP_Server(dhcp-config)#network 192.168.10.0 255.255.255.0 DHCP_Server(dhcp-config)#default-router 192.168.10.254 DHCP_Server(dhcp-config)#dns-server 8.8.8.8// product地址池 DHCP_Server(dhcp-config)#ip dhcp pool Product DHCP_Server(dhcp-config)#network 192.168.20.0 255.255.255.0 DHCP_Server(dhcp-config)#default-router 192.168.20.254 DHCP_Server(dhcp-config)#dns-server 8.8.8.8// services地址池 DHCP_Server(dhcp-config)#ip dhcp pool Services DHCP_Server(dhcp-config)#network 192.168.30.0 255.255.255.0 DHCP_Server(dhcp-config)#default-router 192.168.30.254 DHCP_Server(dhcp-config)#dns-server 8.8.8.8 DHCP_Server(dhcp-config)#MSW1配置 MSW1(config)#interface vlan 10 MSW1(config-if)#ip helper-address 192.168.40.1 MSW1(config-if)#interface vlan 20 MSW1(config-if)#ip helper-address 192.168.40.1 MSW1(config-if)#MSW2配置 MSW2(config)#interface vlan 30 MSW2(config-if)#ip helper-address 192.168.40.16. 配置动态路由OSPF OR、MSW1、MSW2之间运行OSPF进程ID100Area ID0OR下发默认路由仅当本身存在默认路由时 注: default-information originate [always] 带always参数: 不管下发默认路由的路由器本身有没有默认路由,都可以作为默认路由下发者 不带always参数: 下发默认路由的路由器本身必须要有默认路由; 配置OR OR(config)#int e0/1 OR(config-if)#ip address 10.1.1.1 255.255.255.0 OR(config-if)#no shutdown OR(config-if)#duplex full OR(config-if)#int e0/2 OR(config-if)#ip address 10.1.2.1 255.255.255.0 OR(config-if)#no shutdown OR(config-if)#duplex full// 配置OSPF OR(config)# router ospf 100 OR(config-router)#router-id 1.1.1.1 OR(config-router)#network 10.1.1.1 0.0.0.0 area 0 OR(config-router)#network 10.1.2.1 0.0.0.0 area 0 OR(config-router)#default-information originate // 当本机没有默认路由时不下发默认路由给其它路由器 OR(config-router)#exit OR(config)#do show ip ospf neighbor Neighbor ID Pri State Dead Time Address Interface 3.3.3.3 1 FULL/BDR 00:00:35 10.1.2.2 Ethernet0/2 2.2.2.2 1 FULL/BDR 00:00:35 10.1.1.2 Ethernet0/1 OR(config)#MSW1(config)#router ospf 100 MSW1(config-router)#router-id 2.2.2.2 MSW1(config-router)#network 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255 area 0 MSW1(config)#do show ip ospf neighborNeighbor ID Pri State Dead Time Address Interface 1.1.1.1 1 FULL/DR 00:00:35 10.1.1.1 Ethernet1/1 MSW1(config)#MSW2(config)#router ospf 100 MSW2(config-router)#router-id 3.3.3.3 MSW2(config-router)#network 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255 area 0 MSW2(config)#do show ip ospf neighborNeighbor ID Pri State Dead Time Address Interface 1.1.1.1 1 FULL/DR 00:00:37 10.1.2.1 Ethernet1/1 MSW2(config)#7. 配置OR出口路由器PPPoE拨号上网 OR配置PPPoE用户名SPOTO 密码SPOTO123ISP没有告知使用哪种认证方式拨号成功后自动获取IP信息以及本地自动生成一条默认路由指向ISP 配置ISP服务端 ISP端配置 ISP(config)#username SPOTO password SPOTO123 ISP(config)#ip local pool cciepools 211.98.5.10 211.98.5.253 ISP(config)#interface virtual-template 1 ISP(config-if)#ip address 211.98.5.254 255.255.255.0 ISP(config-if)#no shutdown ISP(config-if)#encapsulation ppp ISP(config-if)#ip mtu 1492 ISP(config-if)#ppp authentication pap ISP(config-if)#peer default ip address pool cciepools ISP(config-if)#exit ISP(config)#bba-group pppoe bgISP ISP(config-bba-group)#virtual-template 1 ISP(config-bba-group)#exit ISP(config)#int e0/0 ISP(config-if)#pppoe enable group bgISP ISP(config-if)#no shutdown ISP(config-if)#exit ISP(config)#do show ip int br Interface IP-Address OK? Method Status Protocol Ethernet0/0 unassigned YES NVRAM up up Ethernet0/1 unassigned YES NVRAM administratively down down Ethernet0/2 unassigned YES NVRAM administratively down down Ethernet0/3 unassigned YES NVRAM administratively down down Virtual-Access1 unassigned YES unset down down Virtual-Access2 unassigned YES unset up up Virtual-Template1 211.98.5.254 YES manual down down ISP(config)#配置OR出口路由器 OR(config)#interface dialer 1 OR(config-if)#encapsulation ppp OR(config-if)#ip mtu 1492 OR(config-if)#ppp pap sent-username SPOTO password SPOTO123 OR(config-if)#ppp chap hostname SPOTO OR(config-if)#ppp chap password SPOTO123 OR(config-if)#ip address negotiated OR(config-if)#ppp ipcp route default OR(config-if)#dialer pool 1 OR(config-if)#exit OR(config)#int e0/0 OR(config-if)#pppoe enable group global OR(config-if)#pppoe-client dial-pool-number 1 OR(config-if)#no shutdown拨号成功 OR(config)#do show ip int br Interface IP-Address OK? Method Status Protocol Ethernet0/0 unassigned YES NVRAM up up Ethernet0/1 10.1.1.1 YES manual up up Ethernet0/2 10.1.2.1 YES manual up up Ethernet0/3 unassigned YES NVRAM administratively down down Dialer1 211.98.5.10 YES IPCP up up NVI0 10.1.1.1 YES unset up up Virtual-Access1 unassigned YES unset up up Virtual-Access2 unassigned YES unset up up OR(config)# NVI0接口, NAT用来做端口映射用的. OR MSW1 MSW2路由表 OR MSW1 MSW2 OR(config-if)#do show ip route Codes: L - local, C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGPD - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static routeo - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route, H - NHRP, l - LISPa - application route - replicated route, % - next hop overrideGateway of last resort is 211.98.5.254 to network 0.0.0.0S* 0.0.0.0/0 is directly connected10.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 4 subnets, 2 masks C 10.1.1.0/24 is directly connected, Ethernet0/1 L 10.1.1.1/32 is directly connected, Ethernet0/1 C 10.1.2.0/24 is directly connected, Ethernet0/2 L 10.1.2.1/32 is directly connected, Ethernet0/2 O 192.168.10.0/24 [110/11] via 10.1.1.2, 00:35:48, Ethernet0/1 O 192.168.20.0/24 [110/11] via 10.1.1.2, 00:35:48, Ethernet0/1 O 192.168.30.0/24 [110/11] via 10.1.2.2, 00:35:31, Ethernet0/2 O 192.168.40.0/24 [110/11] via 10.1.2.2, 00:35:31, Ethernet0/2211.98.5.0/32 is subnetted, 2 subnets C 211.98.5.10 is directly connected, Dialer1 C 211.98.5.254 is directly connected, Dialer1 OR(config-if)#MSW1(config)#do show ip route Codes: L - local, C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGPD - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static routeo - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route, H - NHRP, l - LISPa - application route - replicated route, % - next hop overrideGateway of last resort is 10.1.1.1 to network 0.0.0.0O*E2 0.0.0.0/0 [110/1] via 10.1.1.1, 00:02:56, Ethernet1/110.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 3 subnets, 2 masks C 10.1.1.0/24 is directly connected, Ethernet1/1 L 10.1.1.2/32 is directly connected, Ethernet1/1 O 10.1.2.0/24 [110/20] via 10.1.1.1, 00:38:32, Ethernet1/1192.168.10.0/24 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks C 192.168.10.0/24 is directly connected, Vlan10 L 192.168.10.254/32 is directly connected, Vlan10192.168.20.0/24 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks C 192.168.20.0/24 is directly connected, Vlan20 L 192.168.20.254/32 is directly connected, Vlan20 O 192.168.30.0/24 [110/21] via 10.1.1.1, 00:38:16, Ethernet1/1 O 192.168.40.0/24 [110/21] via 10.1.1.1, 00:38:16, Ethernet1/1 MSW1(config)#MSW2(config-router)#do show ip route Codes: L - local, C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGPD - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static routeo - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route, H - NHRP, l - LISPa - application route - replicated route, % - next hop overrideGateway of last resort is 10.1.2.1 to network 0.0.0.0O*E2 0.0.0.0/0 [110/1] via 10.1.2.1, 00:00:21, Ethernet1/110.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 3 subnets, 2 masks O 10.1.1.0/24 [110/20] via 10.1.2.1, 00:35:41, Ethernet1/1 C 10.1.2.0/24 is directly connected, Ethernet1/1 L 10.1.2.2/32 is directly connected, Ethernet1/1 O 192.168.10.0/24 [110/21] via 10.1.2.1, 00:35:41, Ethernet1/1 O 192.168.20.0/24 [110/21] via 10.1.2.1, 00:35:41, Ethernet1/1192.168.30.0/24 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks C 192.168.30.0/24 is directly connected, Vlan30 L 192.168.30.254/32 is directly connected, Vlan30192.168.40.0/24 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks C 192.168.40.0/24 is directly connected, Vlan40 L 192.168.40.254/32 is directly connected, Vlan40 MSW2(config-router)#8. OR配置端口复用NAT使得内网PC1~3能成功ping通ISP上的8.8.8.8 PC1到3的机器上获取ip时都指定了dns服务器地址为 8.8.8.8 在ISP上配置DNS服务 ISP(config)#interface loopback 1 ISP(config-if)#ip address 8.8.8.8 255.255.255.0 ISP(config-if)#no shutdown ISP(config-if)#do show ip int br Interface IP-Address OK? Method Status Protocol Ethernet0/0 unassigned YES NVRAM up up Ethernet0/1 unassigned YES NVRAM administratively down down Ethernet0/2 unassigned YES NVRAM administratively down down Ethernet0/3 unassigned YES NVRAM administratively down down Loopback1 8.8.8.8 YES manual up up Virtual-Access1 unassigned YES unset down down Virtual-Access2 unassigned YES unset up up Virtual-Access2.1 211.98.5.254 YES manual up up Virtual-Template1 211.98.5.254 YES manual down down ISP(config-if)#exit ISP(config)#ip dns server ISP(config)#ip host www.test.local 8.8.8.8 ISP(config)#配置端口复用NAT 4个子网, 10,20,30,40 这个匹配的话, 这4个值变化的范围在8位的二进制位中的第2到第6位, 所以得出的通配符是62. 不过这样的话,就会匹配出很多不存在的子网,因此还是通过配置多条permit语句实现 OR(config)#ip access-list standard inside_lan OR(config-std-nacl)#permit 192.168.10.0 0.0.0.255 OR(config-std-nacl)#permit 192.168.20.0 0.0.0.255 OR(config-std-nacl)#permit 192.168.30.0 0.0.0.255 OR(config-std-nacl)#permit 192.168.40.0 0.0.0.255 // 或者 OR(config-std-nacl)#permit 192.168.0.0 0.0.62.255 OR(config-std-nacl)#exit OR(config)#interface dialer 1 OR(config-if)#ip nat outside OR(config-if)#int range e0/1-2 OR(config-if-range)#ip nat inside OR(config-if-range)#exit OR(config)#ip nat inside source list inside_lan interface dialer 1 overload OR(config)#do show ip nat translations OR(config)#PC开始Ping 8.8.8.8网址 PC1 PC2 PC3 DHCP_Server PC1#ping www.test.local Translating www.test.local % Unrecognized host or address, or protocol not running.PC1#conf t PC1(config)#ip domain lookup PC1(config)#end PC1#ping www.test.local Translating www.test.local...domain server (8.8.8.8) [OK]Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 8.8.8.8, timeout is 2 seconds: !!!!! Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max 2/2/3 ms PC1#OR出口路由器端口映射表 OR(config)#do show ip nat translations Pro Inside global Inside local Outside local Outside global icmp 211.98.5.10:0 192.168.10.1:0 8.8.8.8:0 8.8.8.8:0 udp 211.98.5.10:56655 192.168.10.1:56655 8.8.8.8:53 8.8.8.8:53 icmp 211.98.5.10:1 192.168.20.1:0 8.8.8.8:0 8.8.8.8:1 udp 211.98.5.10:55539 192.168.20.1:55539 8.8.8.8:53 8.8.8.8:53 icmp 211.98.5.10:2 192.168.30.1:0 8.8.8.8:0 8.8.8.8:2 udp 211.98.5.10:55671 192.168.30.1:55671 8.8.8.8:53 8.8.8.8:53 icmp 211.98.5.10:3 192.168.40.1:3 8.8.8.8:3 8.8.8.8:3 udp 211.98.5.10:64320 192.168.40.1:64320 8.8.8.8:53 8.8.8.8:53 OR(config)#do show ip nat statistics Total active translations: 0 (0 static, 0 dynamic; 0 extended) Peak translations: 8, occurred 00:02:58 ago Outside interfaces:Dialer1, Virtual-Access2 Inside interfaces: Ethernet0/1, Ethernet0/2 Hits: 48 Misses: 0 CEF Translated packets: 40, CEF Punted packets: 8 Expired translations: 8 Dynamic mappings: -- Inside Source [Id: 1] access-list inside_lan interface Dialer1 refcount 0Total doors: 0 Appl doors: 0 Normal doors: 0 Queued Packets: 0 OR(config)#PC1 ping 8.8.8.8时手动关闭SW1的E0/1口模拟线路故障观察PC1的数据通信情况 Ping 不全部贴出来了 PC1#ping www.test.local repeat 10000 Translating www.test.local...domain server (8.8.8.8) [OK]Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 10000, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 8.8.8.8, timeout is 2 seconds: !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!...............!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! Success rate is 99 percent (685/700), round-trip min/avg/max 1/1/13 ms PC1#SW1(config-if)#do show spanning-tree vlan 10VLAN0010Spanning tree enabled protocol rstpRoot ID Priority 10Address aabb.cc00.7000Cost 100Port 2 (Ethernet0/1)Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 secBridge ID Priority 32778 (priority 32768 sys-id-ext 10)Address aabb.cc00.4000Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 secAging Time 300 secInterface Role Sts Cost Prio.Nbr Type ------------------- ---- --- --------- -------- -------------------------------- Et0/0 Desg FWD 100 128.1 P2p Et0/1 Root FWD 100 128.2 P2p Et0/2 Altn BLK 100 128.3 P2p SW1(config-if)#shutdown SW1(config-if)#do show spanning-tree vlan 10VLAN0010Spanning tree enabled protocol rstpRoot ID Priority 10Address aabb.cc00.7000Cost 156Port 3 (Ethernet0/2)Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 secBridge ID Priority 32778 (priority 32768 sys-id-ext 10)Address aabb.cc00.4000Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 secAging Time 300 secInterface Role Sts Cost Prio.Nbr Type ------------------- ---- --- --------- -------- -------------------------------- Et0/0 Desg BLK 100 128.1 P2p Et0/2 Root FWD 100 128.3 P2p // 立刻进入FWD状态SW1(config-if)#do show spanning-tree vlan 10VLAN0010Spanning tree enabled protocol rstpRoot ID Priority 10Address aabb.cc00.7000Cost 156Port 3 (Ethernet0/2)Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 secBridge ID Priority 32778 (priority 32768 sys-id-ext 10)Address aabb.cc00.4000Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 secAging Time 300 secInterface Role Sts Cost Prio.Nbr Type ------------------- ---- --- --------- -------- -------------------------------- Et0/0 Desg LRN 100 128.1 P2p // 15秒后进入LRN状态 Et0/2 Root FWD 100 128.3 P2p SW1(config-if)#do show spanning-tree vlan 1030秒之后 切换过程中查看SW1的STP收敛状态发现备用接口E0/2很快进入Forwarding转发状态但由于下联PC的接口E0/0在收敛过程中未处于Forwarding状态导致下联PC无法通信 SW1(config-if)#do show spanning-tree vlan 10VLAN0010Spanning tree enabled protocol rstpRoot ID Priority 10Address aabb.cc00.7000Cost 156Port 3 (Ethernet0/2)Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 secBridge ID Priority 32778 (priority 32768 sys-id-ext 10)Address aabb.cc00.4000Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 secAging Time 300 secInterface Role Sts Cost Prio.Nbr Type ------------------- ---- --- --------- -------- -------------------------------- Et0/0 Desg FWD 100 128.1 P2p Et0/2 Root FWD 100 128.3 P2p SW1(config-if)#优化 恢复e0/1, 再重新试验 下联PC的接口E0/0属于边缘接口主要用于连接终端设备而不是其他交换机故可以开启Portfast功能加快此类接口的切换速度可缩短至1s内 SW1(config)#interface e0/1 SW1(config-if)#no shutdown SW1(config)#exit SW1(config)#spanning-tree portfast edge default %Warning: this command enables portfast by default on all interfaces. Youshould now disable portfast explicitly on switched ports leading to hubs,switches and bridges as they may create temporary bridging loops.SW1(config)#do show spanning-tree vlan 10VLAN0010Spanning tree enabled protocol rstpRoot ID Priority 10Address aabb.cc00.7000Cost 100Port 2 (Ethernet0/1)Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 secBridge ID Priority 32778 (priority 32768 sys-id-ext 10)Address aabb.cc00.4000Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 secAging Time 300 secInterface Role Sts Cost Prio.Nbr Type ------------------- ---- --- --------- -------- -------------------------------- Et0/0 Desg FWD 100 128.1 P2p Edge Et0/1 Root FWD 100 128.2 P2p Et0/2 Altn BLK 100 128.3 P2p SW1(config-if)#PC1#ping www.test.local repeat 10000 Translating www.test.local...domain server (8.8.8.8) [OK]Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 10000, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 8.8.8.8, timeout is 2 seconds: !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!.!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! Success rate is 99 percent (699/700), round-trip min/avg/max 1/1/13 ms PC1#