‌一、卸载 OpenCV 4.5.4‌

清除已安装的 OpenCV 库‌

  sudo apt-get purge libopencv* python3-opencv  # 卸载所有APT安装的OpenCV包‌:ml-citation{ref="1,3" data="citationList"}sudo apt autoremove  # 清理残留依赖‌:ml-citation{ref="1,4" data="citationList"}

手动清理残留文件‌

sudo rm -rf /usr/local/include/opencv*  # 删除头文件
sudo rm -rf /usr/local/lib/libopencv*    # 删除库文件

‌二、安装 OpenCV 4.2.0‌

‌安装依赖项‌

  sudo apt updatesudo apt install -y build-essential cmake git pkg-config libgtk2.0-dev \\libavcodec-dev libavformat-dev libswscale-dev libtbb2 libtbb-dev \\libjpeg-dev libpng-dev libtiff-dev libdc1394-22-dev  # 基础依赖‌:ml-citation{ref="2,4" data="citationList"}

下载源码‌

wget https://github.com/opencv/opencv/archive/4.2.0.zip -O opencv-4.2.0.zip
wget https://github.com/opencv/opencv_contrib/archive/4.2.0.zip -O opencv_contrib-4.2.0.zip
unzip opencv-4.2.0.zip && unzip opencv_contrib-4.2.0.zip  # 解压源码‌:ml-citation{ref="2,4" data="citationList"}

配置 CMake‌

cd opencv-4.2.0 && mkdir build && cd build
cmake -D CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=RELEASE \\-D CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local \\-D OPENCV_EXTRA_MODULES_PATH=../../opencv_contrib-4.2.0/modules \\-D WITH_CUDA=ON \\-D CUDA_ARCH_BIN=5.3  # Jetson Xavier NX 需设为7.2‌:ml-citation{ref="4,6" data="citationList"} \\-D ENABLE_NEON=ON \\-D BUILD_TESTS=OFF ..  # 禁用测试以加速编译‌:ml-citation{ref="2,4" data="citationList"}

编译与安装‌

make -j8 # 启用多线程编译
sudo make install  # 安装到系统目录‌:ml-citation{ref="4,6" data="citationList"}

‌三、验证安装‌

检查版本‌

pkg-config --modversion opencv  # 应输出4.2.0‌:ml-citation{ref="2,4" data="citationList"}

Python 绑定验证‌

python3 -c "import cv2; print(cv2.__version__)"  # 确认Python环境版本‌:ml-citation{ref="2,6" data="citationList"}