#!/bin/bash####################################readme###################################
#先上传postgresql源码包，再配置yum源，然后执行脚本
#备份官方yum源配置文件：
#cp /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo.bak
#下载阿里云yum源配置文件：
#curl -o /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo
#清除缓存生产新的缓存
#yum clean all
#yum makecache
#############################################################################set -euo pipefail  # 启用严格错误检查#============================= 全局配置 =============================#
export MY_SERVER_IP="172.16.1.11"       # 本机服务器IP
export MY_HOSTNAME="testdb"        # 主机名
export MY_SOFT_BASE="/opt"               # 软件包存储根目录
export PG_SOFT="postgresql-14.16.tar.gz" # PG源码包名称
export PG_VERSION="14.16"                # PG版本号
export MY_PG_HOME="/pgccc"               # PG根目录
export PGDATA="${MY_PG_HOME}/pgdata"     # 数据目录
export PGHOME="${MY_PG_HOME}/pgsql"      # 安装目录
export LOG_FILE="/var/log/pg_install.log" # 安装日志文件#============================= 函数定义 =============================#
init_logging() {exec > >(tee -a "$LOG_FILE") 2>&1echo "[$(date '+%F %T')] 开始执行PostgreSQL安装脚本"
}validate_environment() {echo "验证安装包..."local pg_soft_path="${MY_SOFT_BASE}/${PG_SOFT}"[[ -f "$pg_soft_path" ]] || { echo "错误：未找到PostgreSQL源码包 $pg_soft_path"; exit 1; }
}install_dependencies() {echo "安装系统依赖..."local deps=(openssl openssl-devel pam pam-devel libxml2 libxml2-devellibxslt libxslt-devel perl perl-devel python-devel perl-ExtUtils-Embedreadline readline-devel bzip2 zlib zlib-devel ntp ntpdategettext gettext-devel bison flex gcc gcc-c++ boost-develgmp-devel mpfr-devel libevent-devel libpython3.6m)yum install -y "${deps[@]}" || { echo "依赖安装失败"; exit 1; }
}security_settings() {# 关闭防火墙
systemctl stop firewalld.service  >/dev/null 2>&1
systemctl disable firewalld.service  >/dev/null 2>&1 # SELinux配置if [[ $(getenforce) != "Disabled" ]]; thensed -i 's/^SELINUX=.*/SELINUX=permissive/' /etc/selinux/configsetenforce 0echo "SELinux已设置为宽松模式"fi
}create_pg_user() {if ! id postgres &>/dev/null; thengroupadd -g 70000 postgresuseradd -u 70000 -g postgres -m -s /bin/bash postgresecho "postgres:postgres" | chpasswdecho "已创建postgres用户"fi
}setup_directories() {local dirs=("$MY_PG_HOME"/{pgdata,archive,scripts,backup,pgsql,soft})mkdir -p "${dirs[@]}"chown -R postgres:postgres "$MY_PG_HOME"chmod 2750 "$MY_PG_HOME"  # 设置SGID位保持组权限echo "目录结构已创建"
}configure_env() {local profile="/home/postgres/.bashrc"cat > "$profile" <<EOF
export LANG=en_US.UTF-8
export PGPORT=5432
export PGDATA=$PGDATA
export PGHOME=$PGHOME
export PATH=\$PGHOME/bin:\$PATH
export PGUSER=postgres
export PGDATABASE=postgres
PS1='[\u@\h \W]\$ '
EOFchown postgres:postgres "$profile"
}compile_pg() {local src_dir="${MY_PG_HOME}/soft/postgresql-${PG_VERSION}"local build_dir="${MY_PG_HOME}/build"# 解压源码tar -zxvf "${MY_SOFT_BASE}/${PG_SOFT}" -C "${MY_PG_HOME}/soft"# 编译安装mkdir -p "$build_dir"chown postgres:postgres "$build_dir"su - postgres -c "cd '$build_dir' &&'${src_dir}/configure' \--prefix='$PGHOME' \--with-openssl \--with-libxml \--with-libxslt &&make -j$(nproc) &&make install" || { echo "编译安装失败"; exit 1; }
}init_db() {su - postgres -c "initdb --encoding=UTF8 --locale=en_US.utf8 --username=postgres --pwfile=<(echo 'postgres')" || { echo "数据库初始化失败"; exit 1; }# 配置参数cat >> "$PGDATA/postgresql.conf" <<EOF
listen_addresses = '*'
port = 5432
logging_collector = on
log_directory = 'pg_log'
log_filename = 'postgresql-%a.log'
log_truncate_on_rotation = on
shared_preload_libraries = 'pg_stat_statements'
max_connections = 100
shared_buffers = 128MB
work_mem = 4MB
EOF# 配置访问控制cat > "$PGDATA/pg_hba.conf" <<EOF
local   all             all                     trust
host    all             all     127.0.0.1/32    trust
host    all             all     $MY_SERVER_IP/32 md5
host    replication     all     0.0.0.0/0       md5
EOF
}start_service() {cat > /etc/systemd/system/postgresql.service <<EOF
[Unit]
Description=PostgreSQL database server
After=network.target[Service]
Type=notify
User=postgres
ExecStart=$PGHOME/bin/postgres -D $PGDATA
ExecReload=/bin/kill -HUP \$MAINPID
KillMode=mixed[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOFsystemctl daemon-reloadsystemctl enable postgresql --now
}#============================= 主执行流程 =============================#
main() {init_loggingvalidate_environmentinstall_dependenciescreate_pg_usersetup_directoriesconfigure_envcompile_pginit_dbstart_serviceecho "安装完成！数据库已启动"echo "连接命令：psql -h $MY_SERVER_IP -U postgres"
}main "$@"

遇到问题：

编译安装完成后，启动时报错

pg_ctl restart
waiting for server to shut down.... done
server stopped
waiting for server to start....2024-03-28 10:24:59.830 CST [14206] FATAL: could not access file "pg_stat_statements": No such file or directory
2024-03-28 10:24:59.830 CST [14206] LOG: database system is shut downstopped waiting
pg_ctl: could not start server
Examine the log output.

问题处理：

--进入到contrib目录中，再进入到安装包pg_stat_statements目录

cd  contrib/pg_stat_statements/

--直接进行编译安装报错

[pgsql@test:/opt/postgresql-14.16/contrib/pg_stat_statements]$ make && make install

Makefile:33: /contrib/contrib-global.mk: No such file or directory
make: *** No rule to make target '/contrib/contrib-global.mk'. Stop.

--参考官网后执行以下命令编译安装

[pgsql@test:/opt/postgresql-14.16/contrib/pg_stat_statements]$ make USE_PGXS=1&& make USE_PGXS=1 install

--编译安装完成后再次启动数据库

pg_ctl start

waiting for server to start....2024-03-28 10:43:57.642 CST [14578] LOG: redirecting log output to logging collector process
2024-03-28 10:43:57.642 CST [14578] HINT: Future log output will appear in directory "log".done
server started

--创建插件

[pgsql@test:/home/postgres]$psql -h127.0.0.1 -Upostgres
psql (15.0)
Type "help" for help.
postgres=# create extension pg_stat_statements;
CREATE EXTENSION
postgres=# alter system set shared_preload_libraries = 'pg_stat_statements';
ALTER SYSTEM

--查询结果成功

postgres=# select count(*) from pg_stat_statements;count 
-------2
(1 row)