| 这个作业属于哪个课程 | <班级的链接> |
|---|---|
| 这个作业要求在哪里 | <作业链接> |
| 学号 | 092300303 |
| 姓名 | 池博洋 |
@
目录
- 一、设计作业
- 1.使得程序遇到空格符时结束
- 2.文件重定向，小写转大写
- 3. 四则运算计算器
- 4.混合读入字符、数值
- 8.11
- 3
- 4
- 5
- 6
- 7
- 9.11
- 1
- 2
- 3
- 4
- 8
- 9
- 11
- 程序设计：多源代码文件
- 编写一个程序，在该程序中输出主函数内定义的变量的地址，以及函数中定义的同名变量的地址。
作业基本信息
一、设计作业
1.使得程序遇到空格符时结束
点击查看代码
#include <stdio.h>int main() {char c;while ((c = getchar()) != ' ') {putchar(c);}return 0;
}
结果：
2.文件重定向，小写转大写
点击查看代码
#include <stdio.h>
#include <ctype.h>int main() {FILE *fin = fopen("in.txt", "r");FILE *fout = fopen("out.txt", "w");char c;while ((c = fgetc(fin)) != EOF) {if (islower(c)) {c = toupper(c);}fputc(c, fout);}fclose(fin);fclose(fout);return 0;
}
结果：
3. 四则运算计算器
点击查看代码
#include <stdio.h>int main() {double a, b;char op;if (scanf("%lf %c %lf", &a, &op, &b) == 3) {switch (op) {case '+':printf("%.2f\n", a + b);break;case '-':printf("%.2f\n", a - b);break;case '*':printf("%.2f\n", a * b);break;case '/':if (b != 0) {printf("%.2f\n", a / b);} else {printf("division by zero\n");}break;default:printf("wrong input\n");}} else {printf("wrong input\n");}return 0;
}
结果：
4.混合读入字符、数值
点击查看代码
#include <stdio.h>int main() {char ch1, ch2;int num;// 读取第一个字符（跳过前面的空格和回车）do {ch1 = getchar();} while (ch1 == ' ' || ch1 == '\n' || ch1 == '\t');// 读取整数（scanf会自动跳过空白字符）scanf("%d", &num);// 读取第二个字符（跳过后面的空格和回车）do {ch2 = getchar();} while (ch2 == ' ' || ch2 == '\n' || ch2 == '\t');// 输出格式：字符整数字符（连续输出，没有空格）printf("%c%d%c\n", ch1, num, ch2);return 0;
}
结果：
8.11
3
点击查看代码
#include <stdio.h>
#include <ctype.h>int main(void)
{int ch;int upper_count = 0;int lower_count = 0;printf("请输入字符（以EOF结束）：\n");while ((ch = getchar()) != EOF){if (isupper(ch))upper_count++;else if (islower(ch))lower_count++;}printf("大写字母个数：%d\n", upper_count);printf("小写字母个数：%d\n", lower_count);return 0;
}
结果：
4
点击查看代码
#include <stdio.h>
#include <ctype.h>int main(void)
{int ch;int in_word = 0;int letter_count = 0;printf("请输入文本（以EOF结束）：\n");while ((ch = getchar()) != EOF){if (isalpha(ch)){if (!in_word){in_word = 1;letter_count = 0;}letter_count++;}else if (isspace(ch) || ispunct(ch)){if (in_word && letter_count > 0){printf("单词字母数：%d\n", letter_count);in_word = 0;}}}// 处理最后一个单词if (in_word && letter_count > 0){printf("单词字母数：%d\n", letter_count);}return 0;
}
结果：
5
点击查看代码
#include <stdio.h>int main(void)
{int guess;int low = 1;int high = 100;char response;printf("Pick an integer from 1 to 100. I will try to guess ");printf("it.\nRespond with a y if my guess is right and with");printf("\nan n if it is wrong.\n");do {guess = (low + high) / 2;printf("Well, then, is it %d?\n", guess);printf("Please respond with y (yes) or n (no): ");// 读取响应并处理换行符response = getchar();// 清除输入缓冲区中的剩余字符（包括换行符）while (getchar() != '\n')continue;if (response == 'y'){printf("I knew I could do it!\n");break;}else if (response == 'n'){printf("Is your number higher or lower than %d?\n", guess);printf("Please respond with h (higher) or l (lower): ");response = getchar();// 再次清除输入缓冲区while (getchar() != '\n')continue;if (response == 'h')low = guess + 1; // 数字比猜测值大else if (response == 'l')high = guess - 1; // 数字比猜测值小elseprintf("Please enter h or l.\n");}else{printf("Please enter y or n.\n");}// 检查是否出现矛盾（用户可能欺骗了程序）if (low > high){printf("I think you are cheating! Let's start over.\n");low = 1;high = 100;}} while (response != 'y');return 0;
}
结果：
6
点击查看代码
#include <stdio.h>
#include <ctype.h>// 函数声明
char get_choice(void);
char get_first(void);
int get_int(void);
void count(void);int main(void)
{char choice;while ((choice = get_choice()) != 'q'){switch (choice){case 'a': printf("Buy low, sell high.\n");break;case 'b': putchar('\a'); /* ANSI 响铃字符 */break;case 'c': count();break;default: printf("Program error!\n");break;}}printf("Bye.\n");return 0;
}void count(void)
{int n, i;printf("Count how far? Enter an integer:\n");n = get_int();for (i = 1; i <= n; i++)printf("%d\n", i);// 清除输入缓冲区中的剩余字符while (getchar() != '\n')continue;
}char get_choice(void)
{int ch;printf("Enter the letter of your choice:\n");printf("a. advice b. bell\n");printf("c. count q. quit\n");ch = get_first();while ((ch < 'a' || ch > 'c') && ch != 'q'){printf("Please respond with a, b, c, or q.\n");ch = get_first();}return ch;
}// 修改后的get_first()函数 - 返回第一个非空白字符
char get_first(void)
{int ch;// 跳过所有空白字符（空格、制表符、换行符等）while (isspace(ch = getchar()))continue;// 清除该行剩余的字符while (getchar() != '\n')continue;return ch;
}int get_int(void)
{int input;char ch;while (scanf("%d", &input) != 1){// 处理非整数输入while ((ch = getchar()) != '\n')putchar(ch); // 显示错误的输入printf(" is not an integer.\nPlease enter an ");printf("integer value, such as 25, -178, or 3: ");}return input;
}
修改后的函数：
点击查看代码
char get_first(void)
{int ch;// 跳过所有空白字符（空格、制表符、换行符等）while (isspace(ch = getchar()))continue;// 清除该行剩余的字符while (getchar() != '\n')continue;return ch;
}
结果：
7
点击查看代码
#include <stdio.h>
#include <ctype.h>#define BASIC_RATE1 8.75
#define BASIC_RATE2 9.33
#define BASIC_RATE3 10.00
#define BASIC_RATE4 11.20#define TAX_RATE1 0.15 // 前300美元的税率
#define TAX_RATE2 0.20 // 续150美元的税率
#define TAX_RATE3 0.25 // 余下的税率#define TAX_BREAK1 300.0 // 第一税率档次
#define TAX_BREAK2 450.0 // 第二税率档次 (300 + 150)char get_choice(void);
char get_first(void);int main(void)
{char choice;double hours;double gross_pay, taxes, net_pay;double pay_rate;while ((choice = get_choice()) != 'q'){// 根据用户选择设置工资等级switch (choice){case 'a':pay_rate = BASIC_RATE1;break;case 'b':pay_rate = BASIC_RATE2;break;case 'c':pay_rate = BASIC_RATE3;break;case 'd':pay_rate = BASIC_RATE4;break;default:printf("程序错误！\n");continue;}// 获取工作时间printf("请输入一周工作的小时数: ");while (scanf("%lf", &hours) != 1 || hours < 0){printf("请输入一个有效的正数: ");while (getchar() != '\n')continue;}// 计算工资总额（考虑加班）if (hours <= 40)gross_pay = hours * pay_rate;elsegross_pay = 40 * pay_rate + (hours - 40) * pay_rate * 1.5;// 计算税金if (gross_pay <= TAX_BREAK1)taxes = gross_pay * TAX_RATE1;else if (gross_pay <= TAX_BREAK2)taxes = TAX_BREAK1 * TAX_RATE1 + (gross_pay - TAX_BREAK1) * TAX_RATE2;elsetaxes = TAX_BREAK1 * TAX_RATE1 + (TAX_BREAK2 - TAX_BREAK1) * TAX_RATE2 + (gross_pay - TAX_BREAK2) * TAX_RATE3;// 计算净收入net_pay = gross_pay - taxes;// 显示结果printf("\n工资总额: $%.2f\n", gross_pay);printf("税金: $%.2f\n", taxes);printf("净收入: $%.2f\n\n", net_pay);// 清除输入缓冲区while (getchar() != '\n')continue;}printf("程序结束。\n");return 0;
}// 显示菜单并获取用户选择
char get_choice(void)
{char ch;printf("***************************************************\n");printf("请输入对应所需工资等级或操作的字母：\n");printf("a) $%.2f/小时 b) $%.2f/小时\n", BASIC_RATE1, BASIC_RATE2);printf("c) $%.2f/小时 d) $%.2f/小时\n", BASIC_RATE3, BASIC_RATE4);printf("q) 退出\n");printf("***************************************************\n");ch = get_first();// 验证输入是否有效while ((ch < 'a' || ch > 'd') && ch != 'q'){printf("请输入 a, b, c, d 或 q: ");ch = get_first();}return ch;
}// 获取第一个非空白字符
char get_first(void)
{int ch;// 跳过空白字符while (isspace(ch = getchar()))continue;// 清除该行剩余的字符while (getchar() != '\n')continue;return ch;
}
结果：
9.11
1
点击查看代码
#include <stdio.h>double min(double x, double y);int main(void)
{double a, b;printf("请输入两个double类型的值：\n");scanf("%lf %lf", &a, &b);printf("较小的值是：%.2f\n", min(a, b));return 0;
}double min(double x, double y)
{return (x < y) ? x : y;
}
结果：
2
点击查看代码
#include <stdio.h>void chline(char ch, int i, int j);int main(void)
{char ch;int rows, cols;printf("请输入要打印的字符：");scanf(" %c", &ch);printf("请输入列数：");scanf("%d", &cols);printf("请输入行数：");scanf("%d", &rows);chline(ch, cols, rows);return 0;
}void chline(char ch, int i, int j)
{for (int row = 0; row < j; row++){for (int col = 0; col < i; col++){putchar(ch);}putchar('\n');}
}
结果：
3
点击查看代码
#include <stdio.h>void print_char(char ch, int times, int lines);int main(void)
{char ch;int times, lines;printf("请输入要打印的字符：");scanf(" %c", &ch);printf("请输入每行打印的次数：");scanf("%d", ×);printf("请输入打印的行数：");scanf("%d", &lines);print_char(ch, times, lines);return 0;
}void print_char(char ch, int times, int lines)
{for (int i = 0; i < lines; i++){for (int j = 0; j < times; j++){putchar(ch);}putchar('\n');}
}
结果：
4
点击查看代码
#include <stdio.h>double harmonic_mean(double x, double y);int main(void)
{double a, b;printf("请输入两个double类型的值：\n");scanf("%lf %lf", &a, &b);printf("%.2f 和 %.2f 的调和平均数是：%.2f\n", a, b, harmonic_mean(a, b));return 0;
}double harmonic_mean(double x, double y)
{// 调和平均数 = 2 / (1/x + 1/y) = 2xy / (x + y)if (x == 0 || y == 0){printf("错误：不能为0\n");return 0;}return 2.0 * x * y / (x + y);
}
结果：
8
点击查看代码
// power_improved.c -- 计算数的整数幂（改进版）
#include <stdio.h>double power(double n, int p); // ANSI函数原型int main(void)
{double x, xpow;int exp;printf("Enter a number and the integer power");printf(" to which\nthe number will be raised. Enter q");printf(" to quit.\n");while (scanf("%lf%d", &x, &exp) == 2){xpow = power(x, exp); // 函数调用printf("%.3g to the power %d is %.5g\n", x, exp, xpow);printf("Enter next pair of numbers or q to quit.\n");}printf("Hope you enjoyed this power trip -- bye!\n");return 0;
}double power(double n, int p) // 函数定义
{double pow = 1;int i;// 处理0的任何正次幂为0if (n == 0 && p > 0)return 0;// 处理任何数的0次幂为1（包括0^0）if (p == 0){if (n == 0)printf("Note: 0^0 is undefined, but we'll use 1.\n");return 1;}// 处理正指数if (p > 0){for (i = 1; i <= p; i++)pow *= n;}// 处理负指数else{for (i = 1; i <= -p; i++)pow *= n;pow = 1.0 / pow; // 取倒数}return pow;
}
结果：
9
点击查看代码
// power_recursive.c -- 使用递归计算数的整数幂
#include <stdio.h>double power(double n, int p); // ANSI函数原型int main(void)
{double x, xpow;int exp;printf("Enter a number and the integer power");printf(" to which\nthe number will be raised. Enter q");printf(" to quit.\n");while (scanf("%lf%d", &x, &exp) == 2){xpow = power(x, exp); // 函数调用printf("%.3g to the power %d is %.5g\n", x, exp, xpow);printf("Enter next pair of numbers or q to quit.\n");}printf("Hope you enjoyed this power trip -- bye!\n");return 0;
}double power(double n, int p) // 递归函数定义
{// 处理0的任何正次幂为0if (n == 0 && p > 0)return 0;// 处理任何数的0次幂为1（包括0^0）if (p == 0){if (n == 0)printf("Note: 0^0 is undefined, but we'll use 1.\n");return 1;}// 处理正指数（递归）if (p > 0)return n * power(n, p - 1);// 处理负指数（递归）elsereturn 1.0 / power(n, -p);
}
结果：
11
点击查看代码
#include <stdio.h>unsigned long Fibonacci(unsigned n);int main(void)
{unsigned n;printf("请输入要计算的斐波那契数的位置（0-50）：\n");while (scanf("%u", &n) == 1 && n <= 50){printf("第 %u 个斐波那契数是：%lu\n", n, Fibonacci(n));printf("请输入下一个位置（q退出）：\n");}return 0;
}unsigned long Fibonacci(unsigned n)
{unsigned long fib_prev = 0; // F(0)unsigned long fib_curr = 1; // F(1)unsigned long fib_next;unsigned i;if (n == 0)return fib_prev;if (n == 1)return fib_curr;for (i = 2; i <= n; i++){fib_next = fib_prev + fib_curr;fib_prev = fib_curr;fib_curr = fib_next;}return fib_curr;
}
结果：
程序设计：多源代码文件
math_functions.h文件
点击查看代码
#ifndef MATH_FUNCTIONS_H
#define MATH_FUNCTIONS_Hint add(int a, int b);
int multiply(int a, int b);
int square(int x);#endif#pragma once
math_functions.c
点击查看代码
#include "math_functions.h"int add(int a, int b)
{return a + b;
}int multiply(int a, int b)
{return a * b;
}int square(int x)
{return x * x;
}
main.c
点击查看代码
#include <stdio.h>
#include "math_functions.h" // 包含自定义头文件int main(void)
{int x = 5, y = 3;printf("简单多文件程序示例\n");printf("=========================\n"); // 修正了冒号位置printf("x = %d, y = %d\n", x, y);printf("x + y = %d\n", add(x, y)); // 修正为加法printf("x * y = %d\n", multiply(x, y));return 0;
}
结果：
编写一个程序，在该程序中输出主函数内定义的变量的地址，以及函数中定义的同名变量的地址。
点击查看代码
#include <stdio.h>// 函数声明
void test_function(void);int main(void)
{int number = 100; // 主函数中定义的变量printf("=== 主函数中的变量 ===\n");printf("变量名: number\n");printf("变量值: %d\n", number);printf("变量地址: %p\n", (void*)&number);printf("\n");// 调用函数，函数内部也有同名变量test_function();// 再次显示主函数中变量的地址（确认地址不变）printf("\n=== 返回主函数后 ===\n");printf("主函数中 number 的地址仍然是: %p\n", (void*)&number);return 0;
}void test_function(void)
{int number = 200; // 函数中定义的同名变量printf("=== 函数中的同名变量 ===\n");printf("变量名: number\n");printf("变量值: %d\n", number);printf("变量地址: %p\n", (void*)&number);// 显示两个变量的区别printf("\n=== 对比分析 ===\n");printf("虽然变量名相同，但它们是不同的变量：\n");printf("- 存储在不同的内存位置\n");printf("- 有各自独立的作用域\n");printf("- 互不影响\n");
}
结果：
