Concepts and terminology概念和术语
Now you’re in Home Assistant, let’s look at the most important concepts.
现在你在家庭助理，让我们看看最重要的概念。
Integrations集成
Integrations are pieces of software that allow Home Assistant to connect to other software and platforms. For example, a product by Philips called Hue would use the Philips Hue integration and allow Home Assistant to talk to the hardware controller Hue Bridge. Any Home Assistant compatible devices connected to the Hue Bridge would appear in Home Assistant as devices.集成是允许家庭助理连接到其他软件和平台的软件。例如，飞利浦的一款名为Hue的产品将使用飞利浦Hue集成，并允许家庭助理与硬件控制器Hue Bridge对话。任何连接到Hue Bridge的家庭助理兼容设备都会在家庭助理中显示为设备。
Some integration cards show an icon:The cloud icon Cloud icon indicates that this integration depends on the cloud.
The file icon Configuration file icon indicates that this integration was not set up via the UI. You have either set it up in your configuration.yaml file, or it is a dependency set up by another integration. If you want to configure it, you will need to do so in your configuration.yaml file.
The custom icon Custom icon indicates that this is not an official Home Assistant integration but that it was custom made. It could be imported from another source, for example downloaded from HACS.
For a full list of compatible integrations, refer to the integrations documentation.Once an integration has been added, the hardware and/or data are represented in Home Assistant as devices and entities.一些集成卡显示一个图标：云图标表示此集成依赖于云。
文件图标表明此集成不是通过UI设置的。您可以在配置中设置它。或者它是由另一个集成设置的依赖项。如果您想配置它，则需要在配置中进行配置。yaml文件。
自定义图标表示这不是官方的家庭助理集成，而是自定义的。它可以从其他源导入，例如从HACS下载。
有关兼容集成的完整列表，请参阅集成文档。一旦添加了集成，硬件和/或数据就会在Home Assistant中表示为设备和实体。
Devices
Devices are a logical grouping for one or more entities. A device may represent a physical device, which can have one or more sensors. The sensors appear as entities associated with the device. For example, a motion sensor is represented as a device. It may provide motion detection, temperature, and light levels as entities. Entities have states such as detected when motion is detected and clear when there is no motion.设备设备是一个或多个实体的逻辑分组。一个设备可以代表一个物理设备，它可以有一个或多个传感器。传感器显示为与设备相关联的实体。例如，运动传感器被表示为一个设备。它可以作为实体提供运动检测、温度和光照水平。实体具有检测到运动时检测到的状态和没有运动时清除的状态。
Devices and entities are used throughout Home Assistant. To name a few examples:Dashboards can show a state of an entity. For example, if a light is on or off.
An automation can be triggered from a state change on an entity. For example, a motion sensor entity detects motion and triggers a light to turn on.
A predefined color and brightness setting for a light saved as a scene.设备和实体在整个家庭助理中使用。举几个例子：仪表板可以显示实体的状态。例如，如果一盏灯是开着还是关着。
可以从实体上的状态更改触发自动化。例如，运动传感器实体检测运动并触发灯打开。
保存为场景的光的预定义颜色和亮度设置。
Entities
Entities are the basic building blocks to hold data in Home Assistant. An entity represents a sensor, actor, or function in Home Assistant. Entities are used to monitor physical properties or to control other entities. An entity is usually part of a device or a service. Entities have states.实体实体是在Home Assistant中保存数据的基本构建块。实体表示Home Assistant中的传感器、参与者或功能。实体用于监视物理属性或控制其他实体。实体通常是设备或服务的一部分。实体有状态。Areas
An area in Home Assistant is a logical grouping of devices and entities that are meant to match areas (or rooms) in the physical world: your home. For example, the living room area groups devices and entities in your living room. Areas allow you to target service calls at an entire group of devices. For example, turning off all the lights in the living room. Locations within your home such as living room, dance floor, etc. Areas can be assigned to floors. Areas can also be used for automatically generated cards, such as the Area card.区域家庭助理中的区域是设备和实体的逻辑分组，旨在匹配物理世界中的区域（或房间）：您的家。例如，客厅区域对客厅中的设备和实体进行分组。区域允许您针对整个设备组进行服务调用。例如，关掉客厅里所有的灯。你家里的位置，比如客厅、舞池等。区域可以分配到楼层。区域也可以用于自动生成卡片，例如Area卡。
Automations
A set of repeatable actions that can be set up to run automatically. Automations are made of three key components:Triggers - events that start an automation. For example, when the sun sets or a motion sensor is activated.
Conditions - optional tests that must be met before an action can be run. For example, if someone is home.
Actions - interact with devices such as turn on a light.
To learn the basics about automations, refer to the automation basics page or try creating an automation yourself.
自动化
可设置为自动运行的一组可重复操作。自动化由三个关键部分组成：触发器——启动自动化的事件。例如，当太阳下山或运动传感器被激活时。
条件—运行操作之前必须满足的可选测试。例如，如果有人在家。
动作-与设备交互，如打开灯。
要了解有关自动化的基础知识，请参阅自动化基础页面或尝试自己创建自动化。
Scripts
Similar to automations, scripts are repeatable actions that can be run. The difference between scripts and automations is that scripts do not have triggers. This means that scripts cannot automatically run unless they are used in an automations. Scripts are particularly useful if you perform the same actions in different automations or trigger them from a dashboard. For information on how to create scripts, refer to the scripts documentation.脚本与自动化类似，脚本是可以运行的可重复操作。脚本和自动化之间的区别在于脚本没有触发器。这意味着脚本不能自动运行，除非在自动化中使用它们。如果您在不同的自动化中执行相同的操作或从指示板触发它们，则脚本特别有用。有关如何创建脚本的信息，请参阅脚本文档。
Scenes
Scenes allow you to create predefined settings for your devices. Similar to a driving mode on phones, or driver profiles in cars, it can change an environment to suit you. For example, your watching films scene may dim the lighting, switch on the TV and increase its volume. This can be saved as a scene and used without having to set individual devices every time.To learn how to use scenes, refer to the scene documentation.场景
场景允许您为设备创建预定义设置。类似于手机上的驾驶模式或汽车上的驾驶员配置文件，它可以改变环境以适应你。例如，你看电影的场景可能会调暗灯光，打开电视并加大音量。这可以保存为一个场景，而不必每次都设置单独的设备。要了解如何使用场景，请参阅场景文档。
Add-ons
Add-ons are third-party applications that provide additional functionality in Home Assistant. Add-ons run directly alongside Home Assistant, whereas integrations connect Home Assistant to other apps. Add-ons are only supported by the Home Assistant Operating System and Home Assistant Supervised installation type.Add-ons are installed from the add-on store under Settings > Add-ons. If you are curious now and feel like installing every add-on that looks interesting: beware that add-ons can use quite a bit of resources in terms of disk space, memory, and additional load on the processor.Among the most used add-ons are the ones that provide file access and edit files in Home Assistant.附加组件附加组件是在家庭助理中提供附加功能的第三方应用程序。附加组件直接与家庭助理一起运行，而集成将家庭助理连接到其他应用程序。附加组件仅支持家庭助理操作系统和家庭助理监督安装类型。附加组件从附加组件存储中安装在Settings > Add-ons下。如果您现在很好奇，并且想安装每个看起来有趣的附加组件：请注意，附加组件可能会在磁盘空间、内存和处理器上的额外负载方面使用相当多的资源。最常用的插件是那些在家庭助理中提供文件访问和编辑文件的插件。
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