STM32硬件I2C驱动OLED屏幕

本文基于STM32硬件I2C驱动SSD1306 OLED屏幕，提供完整的代码实现及关键注意事项，适用于128x32或128x64分辨率屏幕。代码通过模块化设计，支持显示字符、数字、汉字及位图，并优化了显存刷新机制。

零、完整代码

完整代码:

1）oled.c

/*** @file oled.c* @brief OLED显示驱动层，支持SSD1306控制器* @details 提供OLED初始化、基本绘图、字符显示、显存刷新等功能* @note 本驱动针对128x32分辨率和128x64OLED屏适配，需要修改106-110行的启动参数*/#include "oledfont.h"
#include "string.h"
#include "oled.h"
#include "stdlib.h"
#include "main.h"extern I2C_HandleTypeDef hi2c1; ///< I2C外设句柄/*** @brief OLED绘制位图* @param x0 起始列坐标(0~127)* @param y0 起始页号(0~3)* @param x1 结束列坐标(需大于x0)* @param y1 结束页号(需大于y0)* @param BMP 位图数据数组指针* @note 页号与屏幕行的对应关系：每页8行，128x32屏共4页*/
void OLED_DrawBMP(unsigned char x0, unsigned char y0, unsigned char x1, unsigned char y1, unsigned char BMP[])
{unsigned int j = 0;unsigned char x, y;if (y1 % 8 == 0)y = y1 / 8;elsey = y1 / 8 + 1;for (y = y0; y < y1; y++){OLED_Set_Pos(x0, y);for (x = x0; x < x1; x++){OLED_WR_Byte(BMP[j++], OLED_DATA);}}
}// OLED的显存
// 存放格式如下.
//[0]0 1 2 3 ... 127
//[1]0 1 2 3 ... 127
//[2]0 1 2 3 ... 127
//[3]0 1 2 3 ... 127
//[4]0 1 2 3 ... 127
//[5]0 1 2 3 ... 127
//[6]0 1 2 3 ... 127
//[7]0 1 2 3 ... 127
// （128x64显存，8页）
uint8_t OLED_GRAM[128][8];/*** @brief 刷新显存到OLED物理屏幕* @details 将GRAM数组内容通过I2C写入OLED的GDDRAM*/
void OLED_Refresh_Gram(void)
{uint8_t i, n;for (i = 0; i < 4; i++){ // 仅刷新前4页（原为8）OLED_WR_Byte(0xb0 + i, OLED_CMD);OLED_WR_Byte(0x00, OLED_CMD);OLED_WR_Byte(0x10, OLED_CMD);for (n = 0; n < 128; n++)OLED_WR_Byte(OLED_GRAM[n][i], OLED_DATA);}
}/*** @brief 初始化SSD1306控制器* @details 配置显示参数、硬件选项，执行上电序列*/
void OLED_Init(void)
{OLED_WR_Byte(0xAE,OLED_CMD);//关闭显示屏OLED_WR_Byte(0x40,OLED_CMD);//设置起始行地址OLED_WR_Byte(0xB0,OLED_CMD);//设置页面起始地址为页面寻址模式，0-7OLED_WR_Byte(0xC8,OLED_CMD);//上下反置关(行重映射),C8,从COM[N-1]扫描到COM0;C0,设置 从COM0扫描到COM[N-1]，N为复用率OLED_WR_Byte(0x81,OLED_CMD);// 设置对比度OLED_WR_Byte(0xff,OLED_CMD);// 选择0xff对比度，选择范围0x00-0xffOLED_WR_Byte(0xa1,OLED_CMD);// 左右反置关(段重映射)，A0H 设置GDDRAM的COL0映射到驱动器输出SEG0，A1H 设置COL127映射到SEG0OLED_WR_Byte(0xa6,OLED_CMD);// 正常显示(1亮0灭)OLED_WR_Byte(0xa8,OLED_CMD);//	设置多路传输比率，显示行数OLED_WR_Byte(0x1f,OLED_CMD);//  MUX=31	 (显示31行)OLED_WR_Byte(0xd3,OLED_CMD);// 设置垂直显示偏移(向上)OLED_WR_Byte(0x00,OLED_CMD);// 偏移0行OLED_WR_Byte(0xd5,OLED_CMD);// 设置DCLK分频和OSC频率OLED_WR_Byte(0xf0,OLED_CMD);// 频率最高OLED_WR_Byte(0xd9,OLED_CMD);// 设置预充电的持续时间OLED_WR_Byte(0x22,OLED_CMD);OLED_WR_Byte(0xda,OLED_CMD);// 设置COM引脚配置// 128*32OLED_WR_Byte(0x02,OLED_CMD);// 序列COM配置,禁用左右反置// 128*64// OLED_WR_Byte(0x12, OLED_CMD); // 交替COM，左右不反置OLED_WR_Byte(0xdb,OLED_CMD);//调整Vcomh调节器的输出OLED_WR_Byte(0x49,OLED_CMD);OLED_WR_Byte(0x8d,OLED_CMD);// 启用电荷泵OLED_WR_Byte(0x14,OLED_CMD);// 启用电荷泵OLED_WR_Byte(0xaf,OLED_CMD);// 开OLED显示OLED_Clear();
}/*** @brief 显示单个ASCII字符* @param x 列坐标(0-127)* @param y 页号(0-3)* @param chr 要显示的字符* @param Char_Size 字体大小：8或16* @note 8像素字体使用6x8点阵，16像素使用8x16点阵*/
void OLED_ShowChar(uint8_t x, uint8_t y, uint8_t chr, uint8_t Char_Size)
{unsigned char c = 0, i = 0;c = chr - ' '; // 得到偏移后的值if (x > Max_Column - 1){x = 0;// 原代码：y += 2（适用于8页，改为y += 1适应4页）y = y + 1; // 每页高度为8像素，32行共4页}if (Char_Size == 16){// 16像素字体占2页（原为两行，需确保不超过4页）OLED_Set_Pos(x, y);for (i = 0; i < 8; i++)OLED_WR_Byte(F8X16[c * 16 + i], OLED_DATA);OLED_Set_Pos(x, y + 1);for (i = 0; i < 8; i++)OLED_WR_Byte(F8X16[c * 16 + i + 8], OLED_DATA);}else if (Char_Size == 8){OLED_Set_Pos(x, y);for (i = 0; i < 6; i++)OLED_WR_Byte(F6x8[c][i], OLED_DATA);}
}/*** @brief 显示无符号整数* @param x,y 起始坐标* @param num 要显示的数字(0~4294967295)* @param len 显示位数（自动截断高位）* @param size2 字体大小（需为8或16）*/
void OLED_ShowNum(uint8_t x, uint8_t y, uint32_t num, uint8_t len, uint8_t size2) // OLED_ShowNum(103,6,t,3,16);//显示ASCII字符的码值
{uint8_t t, temp;uint8_t enshow = 0;for (t = 0; t < len; t++){temp = (num / oled_pow(10, len - t - 1)) % 10;if (enshow == 0 && t < (len - 1)){if (temp == 0){OLED_ShowChar(x + (size2 / 2) * t, y, ' ', size2);continue;}elseenshow = 1;}OLED_ShowChar(x + (size2 / 2) * t, y, temp + '0', size2);}
}/*** @brief 计算m的n次方* @param m 底数* @param n 指数* @return m^n的值*/
uint32_t oled_pow(uint8_t m, uint8_t n)
{uint32_t result = 1;while (n--)result *= m;return result;
}/*** @brief 显示字符串* @param x,y 起始坐标* @param chr 字符串数组指针* @param Char_Size 字体大小（8或16）* @note 字符串以'\0'结尾，自动计算长度*/
void OLED_ShowString(uint8_t x, uint8_t y, uint8_t chr[], uint8_t Char_Size)
{unsigned char j = 0;while (chr[j] != '\0'){OLED_ShowChar(x, y, chr[j], Char_Size);x += 8;if (x > Max_Column - 8){x = 0;y += 2;}j++;}
}/*** @brief 显示汉字* @param x,y 起始坐标* @param no 汉字索引（0~7）* @note 汉字数据存储在ZH数组中，索引范围为0~7*/
void OLED_ShowCHinese(uint8_t x, uint8_t y, uint8_t no)
{uint8_t t, adder = 0;OLED_Set_Pos(x, y);for (t = 0; t < 16; t++){OLED_WR_Byte(ZH[2 * no][t], OLED_DATA);adder += 1;}OLED_Set_Pos(x, y + 1);for (t = 0; t < 16; t++){OLED_WR_Byte(ZH[2 * no + 1][t], OLED_DATA);adder += 1;}
}/*** @brief 设置OLED显示位置* @param x 列坐标(0~127)* @param y 页号(0~3)* @note 页号与屏幕行的对应关系：每页8行，128x32屏共4页*/
void OLED_Set_Pos(unsigned char x, unsigned char y)
{OLED_WR_Byte(0xb0 + y, OLED_CMD);OLED_WR_Byte(((x & 0xf0) >> 4) | 0x10, OLED_CMD);OLED_WR_Byte((x & 0x0f), OLED_CMD);
}// 打开OLED显示
void OLED_Display_On(void)
{OLED_WR_Byte(0X8D, OLED_CMD); // SET DCDC命令OLED_WR_Byte(0X14, OLED_CMD); // DCDC ONOLED_WR_Byte(0XAF, OLED_CMD); // DISPLAY ON
}// 关闭OLED显示
void OLED_Display_Off(void)
{OLED_WR_Byte(0X8D, OLED_CMD); // SET DCDC命令OLED_WR_Byte(0X10, OLED_CMD); // DCDC OFFOLED_WR_Byte(0XAE, OLED_CMD); // DISPLAY OFF
}/*** @brief 清空OLED显示* @note 将所有像素设置为0（黑色）*/
void OLED_Clear(void)
{uint8_t i, n;for (i = 0; i < 8; i++){OLED_WR_Byte(0xb0 + i, OLED_CMD); // 设置页地址（0~7）OLED_WR_Byte(0x00, OLED_CMD);	  // 设置显示位置—列低地址OLED_WR_Byte(0x10, OLED_CMD);	  // 设置显示位置—列高地址for (n = 0; n < 128; n++)OLED_WR_Byte(0, OLED_DATA);} // 更新显示
}/*** @brief 打开OLED显示* @note 将所有像素设置为1（白色）*/
void OLED_On(void)
{uint8_t i, n;for (i = 0; i < 8; i++){OLED_WR_Byte(0xb0 + i, OLED_CMD); // 设置页地址（0~7）OLED_WR_Byte(0x00, OLED_CMD);	  // 设置显示位置—列低地址OLED_WR_Byte(0x10, OLED_CMD);	  // 设置显示位置—列高地址for (n = 0; n < 128; n++)OLED_WR_Byte(1, OLED_DATA);} // 更新显示
}/*** @brief 填充OLED显示* @param fill_Data 填充数据（0x00或0xFF）* @note 0x00填充黑色，0xFF填充白色*/
void fill_picture(unsigned char fill_Data)
{unsigned char m, n;for (m = 0; m < 8; m++){OLED_WR_Byte(0xb0 + m, 0); // page0-page1OLED_WR_Byte(0x00, 0);	   // low column start addressOLED_WR_Byte(0x10, 0);	   // high column start addressfor (n = 0; n < 128; n++){OLED_WR_Byte(fill_Data, 1);}}
}/*** @brief 写入数据或命令到OLED* @param dat 要写入的数据* @param cmd 0表示命令，1表示数据* @note 通过I2C将数据发送到OLED控制器*/
void OLED_WR_Byte(uint8_t dat, uint8_t cmd)
{static uint8_t cmd_data[2];if (cmd == OLED_CMD){cmd_data[0] = 0x00;}else{cmd_data[0] = 0x40;}cmd_data[1] = dat;HAL_I2C_Master_Transmit(&hi2c1, 0X78, cmd_data, 2, 10);
}/*** @brief 写入I2C命令或数据* @param I2C_Command 要写入的命令或数据* @note 通过I2C将数据发送到OLED控制器*/
void Write_IIC_Command(unsigned char I2C_Command) // 写命令
{uint8_t *pData;pData = &I2C_Command;HAL_I2C_Mem_Write(&hi2c1, 0x78, 0x00, I2C_MEMADD_SIZE_8BIT, pData, 1, 100);
}/*** @brief 写入I2C数据* @param IIC_Data 要写入的数据* @note 通过I2C将数据发送到OLED控制器*/
void Write_IIC_Data(unsigned char IIC_Data) // 写数据
{uint8_t *pData;pData = &IIC_Data;HAL_I2C_Mem_Write(&hi2c1, 0x78, 0x40, I2C_MEMADD_SIZE_8BIT, pData, 1, 100);
}

2）oled.h

#ifndef __OLED_H
#define __OLED_H
// #include "sys.h"#include "main.h"
// OLED模式设置
// 0: 4线串行模式  （模块的BS1，BS2均接GND）
#define OLED_MODE 0
#define X_WIDTH 128
#define Y_WIDTH 32
#define Max_Column 128 // 列
#define Max_Row 32	   // 行#define SIZE 8
#define XLevelL 0x00
#define XLevelH 0x10#define Brightness 0xFF#define OLED_CMD 0	// 写命令
#define OLED_DATA 1 // 写数据void Write_IIC_Data(unsigned char IIC_Data);
void Write_IIC_Command(unsigned char I2C_Command);
void OLED_WR_Byte(uint8_t dat, uint8_t cmd);
void fill_picture(unsigned char fill_Data);
void OLED_On(void);
void OLED_Clear(void);
void OLED_Display_Off(void);
void OLED_Display_On(void);void OLED_Set_Pos(unsigned char x, unsigned char y);
void OLED_ShowCHinese(uint8_t x, uint8_t y, uint8_t no);
void OLED_ShowString(uint8_t x, uint8_t y, uint8_t chr[], uint8_t Char_Size);	   // OLED_ShowString(0,0,a,sizeof(a));
void OLED_ShowNum(uint8_t x, uint8_t y, uint32_t num, uint8_t len, uint8_t size2); // OLED_ShowNum(103,6,t,3,16);//显示ASCII字符的码值uint32_t oled_pow(uint8_t m, uint8_t n);
void OLED_ShowChar(uint8_t x, uint8_t y, uint8_t chr, uint8_t Char_Size);
void OLED_Init(void);
void OLED_Refresh_Gram(void);
void OLED_DrawBMP(unsigned char x0, unsigned char y0, unsigned char x1, unsigned char y1, unsigned char BMP[]);/*
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x     ==16个字符列   y=0行
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x     ==16个字符列   y=1行
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x     ==16个字符列   y=2行
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x     ==16个字符列   y=3行
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x     ==16个字符列   y=4行
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x     ==16个字符列   y=5行
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x     ==16个字符列   y=6行
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x     ==16个字符列   y=7行
*/#endif

3) oledfont.h

#ifndef __OLEDFONT_H
#define __OLEDFONT_H  
//常用ASCII表
//偏移量32 
//ASCII字符集: !"#$%&'()*+,-./0123456789:;<=>?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ[\]^_`abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz{|}~
//PC2LCD2002取模方式设置：阴码+逐列式+顺向+C51格式
//总共：3个字符集（12*12、16*16和24*24），用户可以自行新增其他分辨率的字符集。
//每个字符所占用的字节数为:(size/8+((size%8)?1:0))*(size/2),其中size:是字库生成时的点阵大小(12/16/24...)//12*12 ASCII字符集点阵
const unsigned char F6x8[][6] =		
{
0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,// sp
0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x2f, 0x00, 0x00,// !
0x00, 0x00, 0x07, 0x00, 0x07, 0x00,// "
0x00, 0x14, 0x7f, 0x14, 0x7f, 0x14,// #
0x00, 0x24, 0x2a, 0x7f, 0x2a, 0x12,// $
0x00, 0x62, 0x64, 0x08, 0x13, 0x23,// %
0x00, 0x36, 0x49, 0x55, 0x22, 0x50,// &
0x00, 0x00, 0x05, 0x03, 0x00, 0x00,// '
0x00, 0x00, 0x1c, 0x22, 0x41, 0x00,// (
0x00, 0x00, 0x41, 0x22, 0x1c, 0x00,// )
0x00, 0x14, 0x08, 0x3E, 0x08, 0x14,// *
0x00, 0x08, 0x08, 0x3E, 0x08, 0x08,// +
0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0xA0, 0x60, 0x00,// ,
0x00, 0x08, 0x08, 0x08, 0x08, 0x08,// -
0x00, 0x00, 0x60, 0x60, 0x00, 0x00,// .
0x00, 0x20, 0x10, 0x08, 0x04, 0x02,// /
0x00, 0x3E, 0x51, 0x49, 0x45, 0x3E,// 0
0x00, 0x00, 0x42, 0x7F, 0x40, 0x00,// 1
0x00, 0x42, 0x61, 0x51, 0x49, 0x46,// 2
0x00, 0x21, 0x41, 0x45, 0x4B, 0x31,// 3
0x00, 0x18, 0x14, 0x12, 0x7F, 0x10,// 4
0x00, 0x27, 0x45, 0x45, 0x45, 0x39,// 5
0x00, 0x3C, 0x4A, 0x49, 0x49, 0x30,// 6
0x00, 0x01, 0x71, 0x09, 0x05, 0x03,// 7
0x00, 0x36, 0x49, 0x49, 0x49, 0x36,// 8
0x00, 0x06, 0x49, 0x49, 0x29, 0x1E,// 9
0x00, 0x00, 0x36, 0x36, 0x00, 0x00,// :
0x00, 0x00, 0x56, 0x36, 0x00, 0x00,// ;
0x00, 0x08, 0x14, 0x22, 0x41, 0x00,// <
0x00, 0x14, 0x14, 0x14, 0x14, 0x14,// =
0x00, 0x00, 0x41, 0x22, 0x14, 0x08,// >
0x00, 0x02, 0x01, 0x51, 0x09, 0x06,// ?
0x00, 0x32, 0x49, 0x59, 0x51, 0x3E,// @
0x00, 0x7C, 0x12, 0x11, 0x12, 0x7C,// A
0x00, 0x7F, 0x49, 0x49, 0x49, 0x36,// B
0x00, 0x3E, 0x41, 0x41, 0x41, 0x22,// C
0x00, 0x7F, 0x41, 0x41, 0x22, 0x1C,// D
0x00, 0x7F, 0x49, 0x49, 0x49, 0x41,// E
0x00, 0x7F, 0x09, 0x09, 0x09, 0x01,// F
0x00, 0x3E, 0x41, 0x49, 0x49, 0x7A,// G
0x00, 0x7F, 0x08, 0x08, 0x08, 0x7F,// H
0x00, 0x00, 0x41, 0x7F, 0x41, 0x00,// I
0x00, 0x20, 0x40, 0x41, 0x3F, 0x01,// J
0x00, 0x7F, 0x08, 0x14, 0x22, 0x41,// K
0x00, 0x7F, 0x40, 0x40, 0x40, 0x40,// L
0x00, 0x7F, 0x02, 0x0C, 0x02, 0x7F,// M
0x00, 0x7F, 0x04, 0x08, 0x10, 0x7F,// N
0x00, 0x3E, 0x41, 0x41, 0x41, 0x3E,// O
0x00, 0x7F, 0x09, 0x09, 0x09, 0x06,// P
0x00, 0x3E, 0x41, 0x51, 0x21, 0x5E,// Q
0x00, 0x7F, 0x09, 0x19, 0x29, 0x46,// R
0x00, 0x46, 0x49, 0x49, 0x49, 0x31,// S
0x00, 0x01, 0x01, 0x7F, 0x01, 0x01,// T
0x00, 0x3F, 0x40, 0x40, 0x40, 0x3F,// U
0x00, 0x1F, 0x20, 0x40, 0x20, 0x1F,// V
0x00, 0x3F, 0x40, 0x38, 0x40, 0x3F,// W
0x00, 0x63, 0x14, 0x08, 0x14, 0x63,// X
0x00, 0x07, 0x08, 0x70, 0x08, 0x07,// Y
0x00, 0x61, 0x51, 0x49, 0x45, 0x43,// Z
0x00, 0x00, 0x7F, 0x41, 0x41, 0x00,// [
0x00, 0x55, 0x2A, 0x55, 0x2A, 0x55,// 55
0x00, 0x00, 0x41, 0x41, 0x7F, 0x00,// ]
0x00, 0x04, 0x02, 0x01, 0x02, 0x04,// ^
0x00, 0x40, 0x40, 0x40, 0x40, 0x40,// _
0x00, 0x00, 0x01, 0x02, 0x04, 0x00,// '
0x00, 0x20, 0x54, 0x54, 0x54, 0x78,// a
0x00, 0x7F, 0x48, 0x44, 0x44, 0x38,// b
0x00, 0x38, 0x44, 0x44, 0x44, 0x20,// c
0x00, 0x38, 0x44, 0x44, 0x48, 0x7F,// d
0x00, 0x38, 0x54, 0x54, 0x54, 0x18,// e
0x00, 0x08, 0x7E, 0x09, 0x01, 0x02,// f
0x00, 0x18, 0xA4, 0xA4, 0xA4, 0x7C,// g
0x00, 0x7F, 0x08, 0x04, 0x04, 0x78,// h
0x00, 0x00, 0x44, 0x7D, 0x40, 0x00,// i
0x00, 0x40, 0x80, 0x84, 0x7D, 0x00,// j
0x00, 0x7F, 0x10, 0x28, 0x44, 0x00,// k
0x00, 0x00, 0x41, 0x7F, 0x40, 0x00,// l
0x00, 0x7C, 0x04, 0x18, 0x04, 0x78,// m
0x00, 0x7C, 0x08, 0x04, 0x04, 0x78,// n
0x00, 0x38, 0x44, 0x44, 0x44, 0x38,// o
0x00, 0xFC, 0x24, 0x24, 0x24, 0x18,// p
0x00, 0x18, 0x24, 0x24, 0x18, 0xFC,// q
0x00, 0x7C, 0x08, 0x04, 0x04, 0x08,// r
0x00, 0x48, 0x54, 0x54, 0x54, 0x20,// s
0x00, 0x04, 0x3F, 0x44, 0x40, 0x20,// t
0x00, 0x3C, 0x40, 0x40, 0x20, 0x7C,// u
0x00, 0x1C, 0x20, 0x40, 0x20, 0x1C,// v
0x00, 0x3C, 0x40, 0x30, 0x40, 0x3C,// w
0x00, 0x44, 0x28, 0x10, 0x28, 0x44,// x
0x00, 0x1C, 0xA0, 0xA0, 0xA0, 0x7C,// y
0x00, 0x44, 0x64, 0x54, 0x4C, 0x44,// z
0x14, 0x14, 0x14, 0x14, 0x14, 0x14,// horiz lines
};/****************************************8*16的点阵************************************/
const unsigned char F8X16[]=	  
{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,// 00x00,0x00,0x00,0xF8,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x33,0x30,0x00,0x00,0x00,//! 10x00,0x10,0x0C,0x06,0x10,0x0C,0x06,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,//" 20x40,0xC0,0x78,0x40,0xC0,0x78,0x40,0x00,0x04,0x3F,0x04,0x04,0x3F,0x04,0x04,0x00,//# 30x00,0x70,0x88,0xFC,0x08,0x30,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x18,0x20,0xFF,0x21,0x1E,0x00,0x00,//$ 40xF0,0x08,0xF0,0x00,0xE0,0x18,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x21,0x1C,0x03,0x1E,0x21,0x1E,0x00,//% 50x00,0xF0,0x08,0x88,0x70,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x1E,0x21,0x23,0x24,0x19,0x27,0x21,0x10,//& 60x10,0x16,0x0E,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,//' 70x00,0x00,0x00,0xE0,0x18,0x04,0x02,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x07,0x18,0x20,0x40,0x00,//( 80x00,0x02,0x04,0x18,0xE0,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x40,0x20,0x18,0x07,0x00,0x00,0x00,//) 90x40,0x40,0x80,0xF0,0x80,0x40,0x40,0x00,0x02,0x02,0x01,0x0F,0x01,0x02,0x02,0x00,//* 100x00,0x00,0x00,0xF0,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x01,0x01,0x01,0x1F,0x01,0x01,0x01,0x00,//+ 110x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x80,0xB0,0x70,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,//, 120x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x01,0x01,0x01,0x01,0x01,0x01,0x01,//- 130x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x30,0x30,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,//. 140x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x80,0x60,0x18,0x04,0x00,0x60,0x18,0x06,0x01,0x00,0x00,0x00,/// 150x00,0xE0,0x10,0x08,0x08,0x10,0xE0,0x00,0x00,0x0F,0x10,0x20,0x20,0x10,0x0F,0x00,//0 160x00,0x10,0x10,0xF8,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x20,0x20,0x3F,0x20,0x20,0x00,0x00,//1 170x00,0x70,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x88,0x70,0x00,0x00,0x30,0x28,0x24,0x22,0x21,0x30,0x00,//2 180x00,0x30,0x08,0x88,0x88,0x48,0x30,0x00,0x00,0x18,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x11,0x0E,0x00,//3 190x00,0x00,0xC0,0x20,0x10,0xF8,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x07,0x04,0x24,0x24,0x3F,0x24,0x00,//4 200x00,0xF8,0x08,0x88,0x88,0x08,0x08,0x00,0x00,0x19,0x21,0x20,0x20,0x11,0x0E,0x00,//5 210x00,0xE0,0x10,0x88,0x88,0x18,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x0F,0x11,0x20,0x20,0x11,0x0E,0x00,//6 220x00,0x38,0x08,0x08,0xC8,0x38,0x08,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x3F,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,//7 230x00,0x70,0x88,0x08,0x08,0x88,0x70,0x00,0x00,0x1C,0x22,0x21,0x21,0x22,0x1C,0x00,//8 240x00,0xE0,0x10,0x08,0x08,0x10,0xE0,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x31,0x22,0x22,0x11,0x0F,0x00,//9 250x00,0x00,0x00,0xC0,0xC0,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x30,0x30,0x00,0x00,0x00,//: 260x00,0x00,0x00,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x80,0x60,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,//; 270x00,0x00,0x80,0x40,0x20,0x10,0x08,0x00,0x00,0x01,0x02,0x04,0x08,0x10,0x20,0x00,//< 280x40,0x40,0x40,0x40,0x40,0x40,0x40,0x00,0x04,0x04,0x04,0x04,0x04,0x04,0x04,0x00,//= 290x00,0x08,0x10,0x20,0x40,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x20,0x10,0x08,0x04,0x02,0x01,0x00,//> 300x00,0x70,0x48,0x08,0x08,0x08,0xF0,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x30,0x36,0x01,0x00,0x00,//? 310xC0,0x30,0xC8,0x28,0xE8,0x10,0xE0,0x00,0x07,0x18,0x27,0x24,0x23,0x14,0x0B,0x00,//@ 320x00,0x00,0xC0,0x38,0xE0,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x20,0x3C,0x23,0x02,0x02,0x27,0x38,0x20,//A 330x08,0xF8,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x70,0x00,0x00,0x20,0x3F,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x11,0x0E,0x00,//B 340xC0,0x30,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x38,0x00,0x07,0x18,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x10,0x08,0x00,//C 350x08,0xF8,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x10,0xE0,0x00,0x20,0x3F,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x10,0x0F,0x00,//D 360x08,0xF8,0x88,0x88,0xE8,0x08,0x10,0x00,0x20,0x3F,0x20,0x20,0x23,0x20,0x18,0x00,//E 370x08,0xF8,0x88,0x88,0xE8,0x08,0x10,0x00,0x20,0x3F,0x20,0x00,0x03,0x00,0x00,0x00,//F 380xC0,0x30,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x38,0x00,0x00,0x07,0x18,0x20,0x20,0x22,0x1E,0x02,0x00,//G 390x08,0xF8,0x08,0x00,0x00,0x08,0xF8,0x08,0x20,0x3F,0x21,0x01,0x01,0x21,0x3F,0x20,//H 400x00,0x08,0x08,0xF8,0x08,0x08,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x20,0x20,0x3F,0x20,0x20,0x00,0x00,//I 410x00,0x00,0x08,0x08,0xF8,0x08,0x08,0x00,0xC0,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x7F,0x00,0x00,0x00,//J 420x08,0xF8,0x88,0xC0,0x28,0x18,0x08,0x00,0x20,0x3F,0x20,0x01,0x26,0x38,0x20,0x00,//K 430x08,0xF8,0x08,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x20,0x3F,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x30,0x00,//L 440x08,0xF8,0xF8,0x00,0xF8,0xF8,0x08,0x00,0x20,0x3F,0x00,0x3F,0x00,0x3F,0x20,0x00,//M 450x08,0xF8,0x30,0xC0,0x00,0x08,0xF8,0x08,0x20,0x3F,0x20,0x00,0x07,0x18,0x3F,0x00,//N 460xE0,0x10,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x10,0xE0,0x00,0x0F,0x10,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x10,0x0F,0x00,//O 470x08,0xF8,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x08,0xF0,0x00,0x20,0x3F,0x21,0x01,0x01,0x01,0x00,0x00,//P 480xE0,0x10,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x10,0xE0,0x00,0x0F,0x18,0x24,0x24,0x38,0x50,0x4F,0x00,//Q 490x08,0xF8,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x70,0x00,0x20,0x3F,0x20,0x00,0x03,0x0C,0x30,0x20,//R 500x00,0x70,0x88,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x38,0x00,0x00,0x38,0x20,0x21,0x21,0x22,0x1C,0x00,//S 510x18,0x08,0x08,0xF8,0x08,0x08,0x18,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x20,0x3F,0x20,0x00,0x00,0x00,//T 520x08,0xF8,0x08,0x00,0x00,0x08,0xF8,0x08,0x00,0x1F,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x1F,0x00,//U 530x08,0x78,0x88,0x00,0x00,0xC8,0x38,0x08,0x00,0x00,0x07,0x38,0x0E,0x01,0x00,0x00,//V 540xF8,0x08,0x00,0xF8,0x00,0x08,0xF8,0x00,0x03,0x3C,0x07,0x00,0x07,0x3C,0x03,0x00,//W 550x08,0x18,0x68,0x80,0x80,0x68,0x18,0x08,0x20,0x30,0x2C,0x03,0x03,0x2C,0x30,0x20,//X 560x08,0x38,0xC8,0x00,0xC8,0x38,0x08,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x20,0x3F,0x20,0x00,0x00,0x00,//Y 570x10,0x08,0x08,0x08,0xC8,0x38,0x08,0x00,0x20,0x38,0x26,0x21,0x20,0x20,0x18,0x00,//Z 580x00,0x00,0x00,0xFE,0x02,0x02,0x02,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x7F,0x40,0x40,0x40,0x00,//[ 590x00,0x0C,0x30,0xC0,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x01,0x06,0x38,0xC0,0x00,//\ 600x00,0x02,0x02,0x02,0xFE,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x40,0x40,0x40,0x7F,0x00,0x00,0x00,//] 610x00,0x00,0x04,0x02,0x02,0x02,0x04,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,//^ 620x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,//_ 630x00,0x02,0x02,0x04,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,//` 640x00,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x19,0x24,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x3F,0x20,//a 650x08,0xF8,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x3F,0x11,0x20,0x20,0x11,0x0E,0x00,//b 660x00,0x00,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x0E,0x11,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x11,0x00,//c 670x00,0x00,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x88,0xF8,0x00,0x00,0x0E,0x11,0x20,0x20,0x10,0x3F,0x20,//d 680x00,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x1F,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x13,0x00,//e 690x00,0x80,0x80,0xF0,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x18,0x00,0x20,0x20,0x3F,0x20,0x20,0x00,0x00,//f 700x00,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x6B,0x94,0x94,0x94,0x93,0x60,0x00,//g 710x08,0xF8,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x20,0x3F,0x21,0x00,0x00,0x20,0x3F,0x20,//h 720x00,0x80,0x98,0x98,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x20,0x20,0x3F,0x20,0x20,0x00,0x00,//i 730x00,0x00,0x00,0x80,0x98,0x98,0x00,0x00,0x00,0xC0,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x7F,0x00,0x00,//j 740x08,0xF8,0x00,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x20,0x3F,0x24,0x02,0x2D,0x30,0x20,0x00,//k 750x00,0x08,0x08,0xF8,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x20,0x20,0x3F,0x20,0x20,0x00,0x00,//l 760x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x20,0x3F,0x20,0x00,0x3F,0x20,0x00,0x3F,//m 770x80,0x80,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x20,0x3F,0x21,0x00,0x00,0x20,0x3F,0x20,//n 780x00,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x1F,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x1F,0x00,//o 790x80,0x80,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x80,0xFF,0xA1,0x20,0x20,0x11,0x0E,0x00,//p 800x00,0x00,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x0E,0x11,0x20,0x20,0xA0,0xFF,0x80,//q 810x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x20,0x20,0x3F,0x21,0x20,0x00,0x01,0x00,//r 820x00,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x33,0x24,0x24,0x24,0x24,0x19,0x00,//s 830x00,0x80,0x80,0xE0,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x1F,0x20,0x20,0x00,0x00,//t 840x80,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x1F,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x10,0x3F,0x20,//u 850x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x01,0x0E,0x30,0x08,0x06,0x01,0x00,//v 860x80,0x80,0x00,0x80,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x0F,0x30,0x0C,0x03,0x0C,0x30,0x0F,0x00,//w 870x00,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x20,0x31,0x2E,0x0E,0x31,0x20,0x00,//x 880x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x81,0x8E,0x70,0x18,0x06,0x01,0x00,//y 890x00,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x21,0x30,0x2C,0x22,0x21,0x30,0x00,//z 900x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x80,0x7C,0x02,0x02,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x3F,0x40,0x40,//{ 910x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0xFF,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0xFF,0x00,0x00,0x00,//| 920x00,0x02,0x02,0x7C,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x40,0x40,0x3F,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,//} 930x00,0x06,0x01,0x01,0x02,0x02,0x04,0x04,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,//~ 94
};char ZH[][32]={ {0x40,0x44,0x54,0x65,0xC6,0x64,0x54,0x44,0x00,0xFC,0x44,0x44,0xC4,0x42,0x40,0x00},
{0x20,0x12,0x4A,0x82,0x7F,0x02,0x0A,0x92,0x60,0x1F,0x00,0x00,0xFF,0x00,0x00,0x00},/*"新",0*/
{0x00,0x20,0x18,0xC7,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x44,0xFC,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x04,0x00,0x00},
{0x04,0x04,0x04,0x07,0x04,0x04,0x04,0x04,0xFF,0x04,0x04,0x04,0x04,0x04,0x04,0x00},/*"年",1*/
{0x00,0xE0,0x00,0xFF,0x10,0x20,0x08,0x08,0x08,0xFF,0x08,0x08,0xF8,0x00,0x00,0x00},
{0x01,0x00,0x00,0xFF,0x00,0x81,0x41,0x31,0x0D,0x03,0x0D,0x31,0x41,0x81,0x81,0x00},/*"快",2*/
{0x00,0x00,0xE0,0x9C,0x84,0x84,0x84,0xF4,0x82,0x82,0x83,0x82,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x00},
{0x00,0x20,0x10,0x08,0x06,0x40,0x80,0x7F,0x00,0x00,0x02,0x04,0x08,0x30,0x00,0x00},/*"乐",3*/
{0x40,0x30,0x11,0x96,0x90,0x90,0x91,0x96,0x90,0x90,0x98,0x14,0x13,0x50,0x30,0x00},
{0x04,0x04,0x04,0x04,0x04,0x44,0x84,0x7E,0x06,0x05,0x04,0x04,0x04,0x04,0x04,0x00},/*"学",4*/
{0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0xFF,0x80,0x80,0xA0,0x90,0x88,0x84,0x82,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x00},
{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0xFF,0x40,0x21,0x12,0x04,0x08,0x10,0x20,0x20,0x40,0x40,0x00},/*"长",5*/
{0x20,0x24,0x24,0x24,0xFE,0x23,0x22,0x20,0x20,0xFF,0x20,0x22,0x2C,0xA0,0x20,0x00},
{0x00,0x08,0x48,0x84,0x7F,0x02,0x41,0x40,0x20,0x13,0x0C,0x14,0x22,0x41,0xF8,0x00},/*"我",6*/
{0x10,0x0C,0x04,0x24,0x24,0x24,0x25,0x26,0x24,0x24,0x24,0x24,0x04,0x14,0x0C,0x00},
{0x00,0x81,0x81,0x41,0x31,0x0F,0x01,0x01,0x01,0x7F,0x81,0x81,0x81,0xF1,0x00,0x00},/*"完",7*/
{0x00,0x00,0xF8,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x08,0x08,0xFF,0x08,0x09,0x0A,0xC8,0x08,0x00},
{0x80,0x60,0x1F,0x00,0x10,0x20,0x1F,0x80,0x40,0x21,0x16,0x18,0x26,0x41,0xF8,0x00},/*"成",8*/
{0x00,0xFC,0x04,0xFC,0x00,0x10,0x10,0xFF,0x90,0xC8,0x09,0x0E,0x08,0xE8,0x08,0x00},
{0x00,0x0F,0x04,0x0F,0x00,0x44,0x82,0x7F,0x00,0x40,0x4F,0x60,0x5C,0x43,0x40,0x00},/*"啦",9*/{0x10,0x88,0xC4,0x33,0x00,0x20,0x10,0x28,0x24,0xE3,0x24,0x28,0x10,0x20,0x20,0x00},
{0x01,0x00,0xFF,0x00,0x20,0x11,0x0D,0x41,0x81,0x7F,0x01,0x05,0x09,0x31,0x00,0x00},/*"徐",10*/
/* (16 X 16 , 宋体 )*/{0x00,0xFE,0x22,0xFE,0x00,0xFE,0x22,0xFE,0x00,0xFC,0x16,0x25,0x84,0xFC,0x00,0x00},
{0x60,0x1F,0x22,0xBF,0x40,0x3F,0x82,0xFF,0x00,0x13,0x12,0x12,0x52,0x82,0x7E,0x00},/*"鹏",11*/
/* (16 X 16 , 宋体 )*/{0x02,0x02,0x02,0x02,0x02,0x02,0x02,0x02,0x02,0xFE,0x40,0xA0,0x10,0x08,0x00,0x00},
{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x03,0x0C,0x10,0x21,0x42,0xF0,0x00},/*"飞",12*/
/* (16 X 16 , 宋体 )*///每个字必须带大括号否则显示效果不好
};#endif


（注：需根据具体硬件调整I2C引脚和屏幕参数）

一、硬件连接

  • OLED屏幕：SSD1306控制器，支持I2C通信。
  • STM32引脚配置：
    • SCL：I2C时钟线（如PB6）
    • SDA：I2C数据线（如PB7）
    • I2C地址：0x78（若屏幕带RESET引脚，需额外配置）

二、代码结构

1. 核心文件说明

  • oled.c：驱动层实现，包含初始化、显存管理、字符显示等功能。
  • oled.h：定义宏、函数原型及屏幕参数。
  • oledfont.h：存储ASCII和汉字点阵数据（6x8、8x16字体）。

2. 关键函数解析

  • OLED_Init()：初始化SSD1306控制器，配置显示参数。
void OLED_Init(void) {OLED_WR_Byte(0xAE, OLED_CMD); // 关闭显示OLED_WR_Byte(0xD5, OLED_CMD); // 设置时钟分频OLED_WR_Byte(0xA8, OLED_CMD); // 设置复用率// ... 其他配置命令OLED_Clear();                 // 清屏
}
  • OLED_Refresh_Gram()：将显存数据刷新到物理屏幕，通过I2C逐页写入。
  • OLED_ShowChar()：显示单个字符，支持8/16像素字体，自动换行。

三、关键实现细节

1. 显存管理

  • 显存数组：OLED_GRAM[128][8]，每页8行，共4页（128x32）或8页（128x64）。
  • 刷新逻辑：仅刷新有效页，减少I2C传输量。
void OLED_Refresh_Gram(void) {for (uint8_t i = 0; i < 4; i++) { // 仅刷新前4页OLED_Set_Pos(0, i);HAL_I2C_Mem_Write(&hi2c1, 0x78, 0x40, I2C_MEMADD_SIZE_8BIT, OLED_GRAM[i], 128, 100);}
}

2. 字体显示优化

  • ASCII字符：使用F6x8和F8X16点阵数据，通过偏移量快速定位。
  • 汉字显示：预存储常用汉字点阵（如“新年快乐”），通过索引调用。
void OLED_ShowCHinese(uint8_t x, uint8_t y, uint8_t no) {OLED_Set_Pos(x, y);for (uint8_t t = 0; t < 16; t++)OLED_WR_Byte(ZH[2*no][t], OLED_DATA); // 写入上半部分OLED_Set_Pos(x, y+1);for (uint8_t t = 0; t < 16; t++)OLED_WR_Byte(ZH[2*no+1][t], OLED_DATA); // 写入下半部分
}

四、注意事项（重点！）

  1. 头文件包含问题

    • main.c中禁止包含oledfont.h，否则报错：工程\工程名.axf: Error: L6200E: Symbol F6x8 multiply defined (by gpio.o and main.o).等。
    • 正确做法：仅在oled.c中包含oledfont.h，其他文件通过extern引用。

  2. 屏幕参数调整

    • 修改初始化参数（oled.c第106-110行），否则字符高度异常。
// 128x32屏配置
OLED_WR_Byte(0xDA, OLED_CMD);
OLED_WR_Byte(0x02, OLED_CMD); // COM引脚配置
// 128x64屏需改为：OLED_WR_Byte(0x12, OLED_CMD);

  1. I2C地址与速率

    • 确认OLED的I2C地址（通常为0x78或0x7A）。
    • 调整I2C时钟频率（STM32默认100kHz，SSD1306支持400kHz）。
    • extern I2C_HandleTypeDef hi2c1; ///< I2C外设句柄，根据实际情况改
       

五、使用示例

显示字符串和数字

OLED_ShowString(0, 0, "Hello World!", 16); // 16像素字体
OLED_ShowNum(0, 2, 2023, 4, 16);          // 显示数字2023

显示自定义位图

const uint8_t BMP[] = {0xFF, 0x81, 0xBD, ...}; // 位图数据
OLED_DrawBMP(0, 0, 128, 4, BMP);              // 全屏显示位图

六、常见问题

  • 屏幕不显示：检查I2C地址、引脚配置及初始化序列。
  • 字符错位：确认OLED_Set_Pos()的页号与显存对应关系。
  • 刷新闪烁：提高刷新频率（建议200Hz以上），或使用双缓冲机制。

感谢婷婷后援团的小徐同学❤❤❤

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