sohu老博客的看不了了,只能重新发布记录:
windows2003server+oracle10.2.0.1
1.检查归档模式
SQL> archive log list;
 数据库日志模式            存档模式
 自动存档             启用
 存档终点            USE_DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST
 最早的联机日志序列     1
 下一个存档日志序列   3
 当前日志序列           3
 SQL> select force_logging,flashback_on,db_unique_name from v$database;
FOR FLASHBACK_ON       DB_UNIQUE_NAME
 --- ------------------ ------------------------------
 NO  NO                 jyc
 SQL> ALTER DATABASE FORCE LOGGING;
数据库已更改。
 SQL> select force_logging,flashback_on,db_unique_name from v$database;
FOR FLASHBACK_ON       DB_UNIQUE_NAME
 --- ------------------ ------------------------------
 YES NO                 jyc
2.准备listener.ora和tnsnames.ora
 # listener.ora
 # Generated by Oracle configuration tools.
SID_LIST_LISTENER =
   (SID_LIST =
     (SID_DESC =
       (SID_NAME = PLSExtProc)
       (ORACLE_HOME = d:\oracle\product\10.2.0\db_1)
       (PROGRAM = extproc)
     )
   )
LISTENER =
   (DESCRIPTION_LIST =
     (DESCRIPTION =
       (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = huasun)(PORT = 1521))
       (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC0))
     )
   )
  
 #tnsnames.ora
JYC =
   (DESCRIPTION =
     (ADDRESS_LIST =
       (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.205.251)(PORT = 1521))
     )
     (CONNECT_DATA =
       (SERVICE_NAME = jyc)
     )
   )
 DG =
   (DESCRIPTION =
     (ADDRESS_LIST =
       (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.205.251)(PORT = 1521))
     )
     (CONNECT_DATA =
       (SERVICE_NAME = dg)
     )
   )
3.停库拷贝文件:
 SQL> shutdown immediate
 ORA-01109: 数据库未打开
已经卸载数据库。
 ORACLE 例程已经关闭。
 SQL>
准备windows服务(unix不需要):
 oradim -new -sid dg
 拷贝密码文件:将PWDjyc.ora拷贝为D:\oracle\product\10.2.0\db_1\database\PWDdg.ora
 从主库创建备库的控制文件,并复制3份。
 ALTER DATABASE CREATE STANDBY CONTROLFILE AS 'D:\oracle\product\10.2.0\ORADATA\DG\CONTROL01.CTL';
主库的参数:
 #modify parameters
 *.DB_UNIQUE_NAME=jyc
 *.LOG_ARCHIVE_CONFIG='DG_CONFIG=(jyc,dg)'
 *.DB_FILE_NAME_CONVERT='dg','jyc'
 *.LOG_FILE_NAME_CONVERT='D:\oracle\product\10.2.0\oradata\dg\arch1\','D:\oracle\product\10.2.0\oradata\jyc\arch1\','D:\oracle\product\10.2.0\oradata\dg\arch2\','D:\oracle\product\10.2.0\oradata\jyc\arch2\'
 *.LOG_ARCHIVE_FORMAT=log%t_%s_%r.arc
 *.LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1=
  'LOCATION=D:\oracle\product\10.2.0\oradata\jyc\arch1\
   VALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES)
   DB_UNIQUE_NAME=jyc'
 *.LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_2=
  'SERVICE=dg LGWR ASYNC
   VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE)
   DB_UNIQUE_NAME=dg'
 *.LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_1=ENABLE
 *.LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_2=ENABLE
 *.STANDBY_ARCHIVE_DEST='D:\oracle\product\10.2.0\oradata\jyc\st\'
 *.STANDBY_FILE_MANAGEMENT=AUTO
 *.FAL_SERVER=dg
 *.FAL_CLIENT=jyc
备库的参数:
 #modify parameters
 *.DB_UNIQUE_NAME=dg
 *.LOG_ARCHIVE_CONFIG='DG_CONFIG=(dg,jyc)'
 *.DB_FILE_NAME_CONVERT='jyc','dg'
 *.LOG_FILE_NAME_CONVERT='D:\oracle\product\10.2.0\oradata\jyc\arch1\','D:\oracle\product\10.2.0\oradata\dg\arch1\','D:\oracle\product\10.2.0\oradata\jyc\arch2\','D:\oracle\product\10.2.0\oradata\dg\arch2\'
 *.LOG_ARCHIVE_FORMAT=log%t_%s_%r.arc
 *.LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1=
  'LOCATION=D:\oracle\product\10.2.0\oradata\dg\arch1\
   VALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES)
   DB_UNIQUE_NAME=dg'
 *.LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_2=
  'SERVICE=jyc LGWR ASYNC
   VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE)
   DB_UNIQUE_NAME=jyc'
 *.LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_1=ENABLE
 *.LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_2=ENABLE
 *.STANDBY_ARCHIVE_DEST='D:\oracle\product\10.2.0\oradata\dg\st\'
 *.STANDBY_FILE_MANAGEMENT=AUTO
 *.FAL_SERVER=jyc
 *.FAL_CLIENT=dg
建立相应的目录。
4.准备数据
 启动备库到mount状态
 alter system set STANDBY_FILE_MANAGEMENT='MANUAL';
 alter database rename file 'D:\oracle\product\10.2.0\ORADATA\JYC\REDO01.LOG' to 'D:\oracle\product\10.2.0\ORADATA\DG\REDO01.LOG';
 alter database rename file 'D:\oracle\product\10.2.0\ORADATA\JYC\REDO02.LOG' to 'D:\oracle\product\10.2.0\ORADATA\DG\REDO02.LOG';
 alter database rename file 'D:\oracle\product\10.2.0\ORADATA\JYC\REDO03.LOG' to 'D:\oracle\product\10.2.0\ORADATA\DG\REDO03.LOG';
 alter system set STANDBY_FILE_MANAGEMENT='AUTO';
主备库建standby日志(lgwr要求)
 alter database add standby LOGFILE GROUP 4 ('D:\oracle\product\10.2.0\ORADATA\DG\REDO04.log') size 4m;
 alter database add standby LOGFILE GROUP 5 ('D:\oracle\product\10.2.0\ORADATA\DG\REDO05.log') size 4m;
 alter database add standby LOGFILE GROUP 6 ('D:\oracle\product\10.2.0\ORADATA\DG\REDO06.log') size 4m;
 alter database add standby LOGFILE GROUP 7 ('D:\oracle\product\10.2.0\ORADATA\DG\REDO07.log') size 4m;
alter database add standby LOGFILE GROUP 4 ('D:\oracle\product\10.2.0\ORADATA\JYC\REDO04.log') size 4m;
 alter database add standby LOGFILE GROUP 5 ('D:\oracle\product\10.2.0\ORADATA\JYC\REDO05.log') size 4m;
 alter database add standby LOGFILE GROUP 6 ('D:\oracle\product\10.2.0\ORADATA\JYC\REDO06.log') size 4m;
 alter database add standby LOGFILE GROUP 7 ('D:\oracle\product\10.2.0\ORADATA\JYC\REDO07.log') size 4m;
5、检查主库和从库的状态:
 检查数据库角色和状态
 SQL> select database_role, switchover_status from v$database;
检查archive log的应用状态
 SQL> SELECT SEQUENCE#, FIRST_TIME, NEXT_TIME, APPLIED FROM V$ARCHIVED_LOG ORDER BY SEQUENCE#;
 SQL> select * from (SELECT SEQUENCE#,APPLIED FROM V$ARCHIVED_LOG ORDER BY SEQUEN
 CE# desc) t where rownum<5;
检查archive log的遗失
 SQL> SELECT THREAD#, LOW_SEQUENCE#, HIGH_SEQUENCE# FROM V$ARCHIVE_GAP;
检查archive log的路径是否可用
 SQL> select dest_name,status,error from v$archive_dest;
检查进程状态
 select process,status from v$managed_standby;
二、测试过程
1、模式切换
 1.1 启动standby database到recover manage模式
 SQL>alter database recover managed standby database disconnect from session;
1.2 启动到实时日志应用模式
 SQL>alter database recover managed standby database using current logfile disconnect from session;
 (之前需要先创建standby logfile,使用命令,同时还需要修改主库的参数LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_2= 'SERVICE=ALUOCP LGWR',如果不加红色部分,那么就会一直hang住,见www.itpub.net - Database Error)
1.3 切换standby database到read only模式
 SQL>alter database recover managed standby database cancel;
 SQL>alter database open read only;
1.4 切换回recover manage模式
 SQL> alter database recover managed standby database disconnect from session;
2、Switchover
 2.1 在主库上
 SQL>select switchover_status from v$database
2.2 switchover_status的值如果是To standby,可以直接switchover:
 SQL> alter database commit to switchover to physical standby;
 SQL> shutdowm immediate;
 SQL> startup mount;
如果是sessions active,则需要在switchover的命令后面加上with session shutdown:
 SQL> alter database commit to switchover to physical standby with session shutdown;
 SQL> shutdowm immediate;
 SQL> startup mount;
2.3 在目标从库上
 SQL> select switchover_status from v$database
 switchover_status的值入股是To primary,可以直接switchover:
 SQL> alter database commit to switchover to primary;
 SQL> shutdown immediate;
 SQL> startup;
如果是sessions active,则需要在switchover的命令后面加上with session shutdown:
 SQL> alter database commit to switchover to primary with session shutdown;
 SQL> shutdown immediate;
 SQL> startup;
3、Failover
 3.1 在目标从库上,检查遗失的archive log:
 SQL> SELECT THREAD#, LOW_SEQUENCE#, HIGH_SEQUENCE# FROM V$ARCHIVE_GAP;
3.2 如有遗失,Copy到从库目录并应用:
 SQL> ALTER DATABASE REGISTER PHYSICAL LOGFILE 'filespec1';
3.3 再次检查遗失的archive log:
 SQL> SELECT UNIQUE THREAD# AS THREAD, MAX(SEQUENCE#) OVER (PARTITION BY thread#) AS LAST FROM V$ARCHIVED_LOG;
3.4 关闭从库的recover模式:
 SQL> alter database recover managed standby database finish;
 OR
 SQL> ALTER DATABASE RECOVER MANAGED STANDBY DATABASE FINISH FORCE;
 OR
 SQL> alter database recover managed standby database finish skip standby logfile;
3.5 切换从库为主库:
 SQL> alter database commit to switchover to primary;
 SQL> shutdown immediate;
 SQL> startup;
4、使用Flashback恢复failover的主库
 4.1 在新的主库上查询切换时候的SCN号:
 SQL> SELECT standby_became_primary_scn FROM v$database;
4.2 恢复旧主库后,Mount:
 SQL> STARTUP MOUNT;
4.3 Flashback旧主库到步骤4.1查询得的SCN:
 SQL> FLASHBACK DATABASE TO SCN <SCN>;
4.4 在旧主库上,转换control file为standby control file:
 SQL> ALTER DATABASE CONVERT TO PHYSICAL STANDBY;
4.5 恢复旧主库为新从库:
 SQL> SHUTDOWN IMMEDIATE;
 SQL> STARTUP MOUNT;
4.6 在新主库上,设置日志传输到旧主库(新从库),并确认状态:
 SQL> SELECT DEST_ID, DEST_NAME, STATUS, PROTECTION_MODE,DESTINATION, ERROR, SRL FROM V$ARCHIVE_DEST_STATUS;
4.7 在新主库上,归档日志到新从库:
 SQL> ALTER SYSTEM ARCHIVE LOG CURRENT;
4.8 在新从库上开启recover模式:
 SQL> ALTER DATABASE RECOVER MANAGED STANDBY DATABASE DISCONNECT FROM SESSION;
 如果是real-time应用:
 SQL> ALTER DATABASE RECOVER MANAGED STANDBY DATABASE USING CURRENT LOGFILE DISCONNECT;
ITPUB
http://download-uk.oracle.com/docs/cd/B19306_01/server.102/b14239/create_ps.htm#i1225703
Oracle10G Physical Standby Database笔记 - Oracle数据库管理 - ITPUB论坛-专业的IT技术社区
http://tech.it168.com/db/2008-03-04/200803041243203.shtml(dg高级管理参考)
  
可能出现的问题:
 当测试主备库切换后,在新主库执行切换日志,而在备库执行下面操作时,报错:
 SQL> alter database recover managed standby database using current logfile;
 alter database recover managed standby database using current logfile
 *
 第 1 行出现错误:
 ORA-00283: 恢复会话因错误而取消
 ORA-00314: 日志 4 (用于线程 1) 要求的序号 23 与 0 不匹配
 ORA-00312: 联机日志 4 线程 1: 'D:\ORACLE\PRODUCT\10.2.0\ORADATA\JYC\REDO04.LOG'
解决办法:
 SQL> alter database recover managed standby database disconnect from session;
数据库已更改。
SQL> alter database clear unarchived logfile group 4;
 alter database clear unarchived logfile group 4
 *
 第 1 行出现错误:
 ORA-01156: 进行中的恢复可能需要访问文件
SQL> alter database recover managed standby database cancel;
数据库已更改。
SQL> alter database clear unarchived logfile group 4;
数据库已更改。
SQL> alter database recover managed standby database disconnect from session;
数据库已更改。
SQL> alter database recover managed standby database cancel;
数据库已更改。