0.python基础

python基础1
python基础2
python基础3
python基础4

1. python获取文件夹下所有文件的两种方式

方法一：递归

import osdef list_dir(text_list,dir_path):dir_files = os.listdir(dir_path)  # 得到该文件夹下所有的文件for file in dir_files:file_path = os.path.join(dir_path, file)  # 路径拼接成绝对路径if os.path.isfile(file_path):  # 如果是文件，就打印这个文件路径if file_path.endswith(".txt"):text_list.append(file_path)if os.path.isdir(file_path):  # 如果目录，就递归子目录list_dir(text_list,file_path)return text_listif __name__ == '__main__':all_txt = []thesaurus_path = r"dir_path"text_list = list_dir(all_txt,thesaurus_path)for text in text_list:print(text)

方法二：os.walk()（推荐）

import os#遍历所有文件夹下的文件
def walk_files(path,endpoint=None):file_list = []for root,dirs,files in os.walk(path):for file in files:file_path = os.path.join(root,file)if file_path.endswith(endpoint):file_list.append(file_path)return file_listif __name__ == '__main__':wav_path = r"dir_path"text_list = walk_files(wav_path, endpoint=".txt")print(text_list)

2. python 读写csv文件

写入

# 导入CSV模块
import csv# 1. 创建文件对象（指定文件名，模式，编码方式）
with open("file.csv", "w", encoding="gbk", newline="") as f:# 2. 基于文件对象构建 csv写入对象csv_writer = csv.writer(f)# 3. 构建列表头csv_writer.writerow(["name", "age", "gender"])# 4. 写入csv文件内容csv_writer.writerow(["jack", "18", "men"])csv_writer.writerow(["alex", "20", "women"])print("写入数据成功")# 5. 关闭文件f.close()

读取

方法1：csv.reader()

import csv
with open('../data/test.csv') as csvfile:# 生成csv迭代器reader = csv.reader(csvfile)# 获取headersheader = next(reader)print(header)# 遍历每一行for row in reader:print(row)
###        
['name', 'time']
['GF2_PMS1_E108.6_N18.7_20230129_L1A0007080026-MSS1.xml', '2023-01-29T10:37:22']
['GF2_PMS1_E108.6_N18.7_20230129_L1A0007080026-PAN1.xml', '2023-01-29T10:37:23']
['GF2_PMS1_E108.6_N18.9_20230129_L1A0007080016-MSS1.xml', '2023-01-29T10:37:20']
['GF2_PMS1_E108.6_N18.9_20230129_L1A0007080016-PAN1.xml', '2023-01-29T10:37:20']  
###      

3. python 读写xml文件