ESP-IDF版本：v5.2.1
ESP32芯片型号：ESP32C3（4M flash版本）

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ESP支持的MAC地址有：

typedef enum {ESP_MAC_WIFI_STA,      /**< MAC for WiFi Station (6 bytes) */ESP_MAC_WIFI_SOFTAP,   /**< MAC for WiFi Soft-AP (6 bytes) */ESP_MAC_BT,            /**< MAC for Bluetooth (6 bytes) */ESP_MAC_ETH,           /**< MAC for Ethernet (6 bytes) */ESP_MAC_IEEE802154,    /**< if CONFIG_SOC_IEEE802154_SUPPORTED=y, MAC for IEEE802154 (8 bytes) */ESP_MAC_BASE,          /**< Base MAC for that used for other MAC types (6 bytes) */ESP_MAC_EFUSE_FACTORY, /**< MAC_FACTORY eFuse which was burned by Espressif in production (6 bytes) */ESP_MAC_EFUSE_CUSTOM,  /**< MAC_CUSTOM eFuse which was can be burned by customer (6 bytes) */ESP_MAC_EFUSE_EXT,     /**< if CONFIG_SOC_IEEE802154_SUPPORTED=y, MAC_EXT eFuse which is used as an extender for IEEE802154 MAC (2 bytes) */
} esp_mac_type_t;

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遍历获取全部MAC地址：

// 获取mac地址
uint8_t mac_address[6];
esp_err_t err;
for (esp_mac_type_t mac_type = ESP_MAC_WIFI_STA; mac_type <= ESP_MAC_EFUSE_EXT; mac_type++)
{printf("MAC Type: %d (%s)\n", mac_type,mac_type == ESP_MAC_WIFI_STA        ? "ESP_MAC_WIFI_STA": mac_type == ESP_MAC_WIFI_SOFTAP   ? "ESP_MAC_WIFI_SOFTAP": mac_type == ESP_MAC_BT            ? "ESP_MAC_BT": mac_type == ESP_MAC_ETH           ? "ESP_MAC_ETH": mac_type == ESP_MAC_IEEE802154    ? "ESP_MAC_IEEE802154": mac_type == ESP_MAC_BASE          ? "ESP_MAC_BASE": mac_type == ESP_MAC_EFUSE_FACTORY ? "ESP_MAC_EFUSE_FACTORY": mac_type == ESP_MAC_EFUSE_CUSTOM  ? "ESP_MAC_EFUSE_CUSTOM": mac_type == ESP_MAC_EFUSE_EXT     ? "ESP_MAC_EFUSE_EXT": "Unknown");err = esp_read_mac(mac_address, mac_type);if (err == ESP_OK){printf("MAC Address: " MACSTR "\n\n", mac_address[0], mac_address[1], mac_address[2], mac_address[3], mac_address[4], mac_address[5]);}else{printf("Failed to read MAC address: %s\n\n", esp_err_to_name(err));}
}

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运行结果：

MAC Type: 0 (ESP_MAC_WIFI_STA)
MAC Address: ec:da:3b:ff:ff:94MAC Type: 1 (ESP_MAC_WIFI_SOFTAP)
MAC Address: ec:da:3b:ff:ff:95MAC Type: 2 (ESP_MAC_BT)
MAC Address: ec:da:3b:ff:ff:96MAC Type: 3 (ESP_MAC_ETH)
MAC Address: ec:da:3b:ff:ff:97MAC Type: 4 (ESP_MAC_IEEE802154)
[0;31mE (308) system_api: 4 mac type is incorrect (not found)[0m
Failed to read MAC address: ESP_ERR_NOT_SUPPORTEDMAC Type: 5 (ESP_MAC_BASE)
MAC Address: ec:da:3b:ff:ff:94MAC Type: 6 (ESP_MAC_EFUSE_FACTORY)
MAC Address: ec:da:3b:ff:ff:94MAC Type: 7 (ESP_MAC_EFUSE_CUSTOM)
[0;31mE (338) system_api: eFuse MAC_CUSTOM is empty[0m
[0;31mE (338) system_api: unsupported mac type[0m
[0;31mE (348) system_api: MAC address generation error[0m
Failed to read MAC address: ESP_ERR_NOT_SUPPORTEDMAC Type: 8 (ESP_MAC_EFUSE_EXT)
[0;31mE (358) system_api: 8 mac type is incorrect (not found)[0m
Failed to read MAC address: ESP_ERR_NOT_SUPPORTED