如何使用websocket实现前后端通信
websocket通信是很好玩的,也很有用的的通信方式,使用方式如下:
第一步由于springboot很好地集成了websocket,所以先在在pom.xml文件中引入依赖
<dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-websocket</artifactId></dependency>
第二步在前端界面使用websocket,也就是HTML文件中编写
<script>var websocket = null;if('WebSocket' in window) {websocket = new WebSocket('ws://yesell.natapp1.cc/sell/webSocket');}else {alert('该浏览器不支持websocket!');}websocket.onopen = function (event) {console.log('建立连接');}websocket.onclose = function (event) {console.log('连接关闭');}websocket.onmessage = function (event) {console.log('收到消息:' + event.data)//所要执行的操作}websocket.onerror = function () {alert('websocket通信发生错误!');}window.onbeforeunload = function () {websocket.close();}</script>
第三步,一般我们是在controller层实现交互的,然而websocket的交互是在service层,
其中:
@ServerEndpoint("/webSocket")是定义了交互的地址
@Slf4j
@OnOpen、@OnClose、@OnMessage这三个方法与前端的三个同名方法相互交互,在需要使用的位置调用方法如下,
到这里基本写完了。======================================================================================
@Component
@ServerEndpoint("/webSocket")
@Slf4j
public class WebSocket {private Session session;private static CopyOnWriteArraySet<WebSocket> webSocketSet=new CopyOnWriteArraySet<>();@OnOpenpublic void onOpen(Session session){this.session=session;webSocketSet.add(this);log.info("【websocket消息】有新的连接,总数:{}",webSocketSet.size());}@OnClosepublic void onClose(){webSocketSet.remove(this);log.info("【websocket消息】连接断开,总数:{}",webSocketSet.size());}@OnMessagepublic void onMessage(String message){log.info("【websocket消息】收到客户端发来的消息:{}",message);}public void sendMessage(String message){for(WebSocket webSocket:webSocketSet){log.info("【websocket消息】广播消息:{}",message);try {webSocket.session.getBasicRemote().sendText(message);} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();}}}
}
使用方式:
@Autowired
private WebSocket webSocket;
webSocket.sendMessage("传递的参数");