1. mget 批量查询

• 批量查询

GET _mget
{"docs": [{"_index": "test_index","_id": 1},{"_index": "kibana_sample_data_flights","_id": "frc8U4UBIo5EnYllKV0t"}]
}

输出

{"docs": [{"_index": "test_index","_id": "1","_version": 3,"_seq_no": 11,"_primary_term": 1,"found": true,"_source": {"name": "test_new","value": 100,"alisa": "名称"}},{"_index": "kibana_sample_data_flights","_id": "frc8U4UBIo5EnYllKV0t","_version": 1,"_seq_no": 8373,"_primary_term": 1,"found": true,"_source": {"FlightNum": "5EKI6QP","DestCountry": "CN","OriginWeather": "Rain","OriginCityName": "London","AvgTicketPrice": 1028.3575673252506,"DistanceMiles": 5761.935055291024,"FlightDelay": true,"DestWeather": "Sunny","Dest": "Shanghai Pudong International Airport","FlightDelayType": "Late Aircraft Delay","OriginCountry": "GB","dayOfWeek": 5,"DistanceKilometers": 9272.935609622278,"timestamp": "2023-01-14T19:36:28","DestLocation": {"lat": "31.14340019","lon": "121.8050003"},"DestAirportID": "PVG","Carrier": "JetBeats","Cancelled": false,"FlightTimeMin": 902.3525435444484,"Origin": "London Gatwick Airport","OriginLocation": {"lat": "51.14810181","lon": "-0.190277994"},"DestRegion": "SE-BD","OriginAirportID": "LGW","OriginRegion": "GB-ENG","DestCityName": "Shanghai","FlightTimeHour": 15.03920905907414,"FlightDelayMin": 240}}]
}

• 同 一个 index 可以简写

GET test_index/_mget
{"docs": [{"_id": 1},{"_id": 2}]
}

or

GET test_index/_mget
{"ids": [1,2]
}

2. bulk 批量写入

写入一条

POST _bulk
{"create":{"_index":"test_index","_id":3}}  # action， create 可以改成 index(替换doc)
{"name":"test_new1","value":[1,2,3]}  # data 这两行不能分在多行

写入多条，注意 create、index 的区别

POST _bulk
{"create":{"_index":"test_index","_id":3}}
{"name":"test_new3","value":[1,2,3]}
{"create":{"_index":"test_index","_id":4}}
{"name":"test_new4","value":4}
{"index":{"_index":"test_index","_id":5}}
{"name":"test_new5","value":5}

or 同一index可简写

POST test_index/_bulk
{"create":{"_id":3}}
{"name":"test_new3","value":[1,2,3]}
{"create":{"_id":4}}
{"name":"test_new4","value":4}
{"index":{"_id":5}}
{"name":"test_new5","value":5}

{"took": 168,"errors": true,"items": [{"create": {"_index": "test_index","_id": "3",  # 已经存在，create 报错"status": 409,"error": {"type": "version_conflict_engine_exception","reason": "[3]: version conflict, document already exists (current version [2])","index_uuid": "ntM1X5SOTxiz8tRVwdHK6g","shard": "0","index": "test_index"}}},{"create": {"_index": "test_index","_id": "4","_version": 1,"result": "created","_shards": {"total": 2,"successful": 1,"failed": 0},"_seq_no": 15,"_primary_term": 1,"status": 201}},{"index": {"_index": "test_index","_id": "5","_version": 1,"result": "created","_shards": {"total": 2,"successful": 1,"failed": 0},"_seq_no": 16,"_primary_term": 1,"status": 201}}]
}

update 更新

POST _bulk
{"update":{"_index":"test_index","_id":3}}
{"doc":{"value":3}}
{"update":{"_index":"test_index","_id":4}}
{"doc":{"name":"test_new44"}}
{"update":{"_index":"test_index","_id":5}}
{"doc":{"name":"test_new55","value":55}}

or 简写

POST test_index/_bulk
{"update":{"_id":3}}
{"doc":{"value":3}}
{"update":{"_id":4}}
{"doc":{"name":"test_new44"}}
{"update":{"_id":5}}
{"doc":{"name":"test_new55","value":55}}

delete 删除

POST _bulk
{"delete": {"_index": "test_index", "_id": 3}}
{"delete": {"_index": "test_index", "_id": 4}}

or

POST test_index/_bulk
{"delete": {"_id": 5}}
{"delete": {"_id": "ZLcgV4UBIo5EnYlljo2Q"}}

3. 条件删除

POST test_index/_delete_by_query
{"query": {"term": {"value": 100}}
}

输出

{"took": 297,"timed_out": false,"total": 1,"deleted": 1,"batches": 1,"version_conflicts": 0,"noops": 0,"retries": {"bulk": 0,"search": 0},"throttled_millis": 0,"requests_per_second": -1,"throttled_until_millis": 0,"failures": []
}

检查 value = 100 的 doc 已被删除

GET test_index/_search

4. 条件更新

POST test_index/_update_by_query
{"query": {"term": {"value": 99}},"script": {"source": "ctx._source['value'] = 199"}
}

更新 query 条件下(value=99)的 doc，将其 value 改为 199

输出

{"took": 307,"timed_out": false,"total": 1,"updated": 1,"deleted": 0,"batches": 1,"version_conflicts": 0,"noops": 0,"retries": {"bulk": 0,"search": 0},"throttled_millis": 0,"requests_per_second": -1,"throttled_until_millis": 0,"failures": []
}

5. 映射 mappings

查询映射

GET test_index/_mapping

输出

{"test_index": {"mappings": {"properties": {"alisa": {"type": "text","fields": {"keyword": {"type": "keyword","ignore_above": 256}}},"name": {"type": "text","fields": {"keyword": {"type": "keyword","ignore_above": 256}}},"value": {"type": "long"}}}}
}

查看单个字段的属性

GET test_index/_mapping/field/value

输出

{"test_index": {"mappings": {"value": {"full_name": "value","mapping": {"value": {"type": "long"}}}}}
}

6. 自动映射

dynamic mappings
建立 index 的时候没有设置 mapping，根据你的 value 自动推断类型

ES 不支持修改字段类型、没有隐式转换(比如 “123” 不会当成 数字 123)、建议指定 mapping

7. 显式映射

PUT test_index1
{"mappings": {"properties": {"price": {"type": "float"},"name": {"type": "keyword"},"desc": {"type": "text"}}}
}

查看 mapping

GET test_index1/_mapping

数据类型 见 https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/current/mapping-types.html

映射参数
https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/current/mapping-params.html

• coerce，是否允许强制类型转换
• copy_to，把字段的值 copy 到对应字段中，不可见，但是可查
• doc_values，设置为 false ，不能对该字段进行排序，聚合查询，可以减少磁盘占用
• enable，index 是否被索引，或者 object 字段是否被索引
• ignore_above，对超过长度的字段，搜索时无法搜索到
• index，字段是否可以被索引
• fields，可以创建多个子字段
• norms，是否禁用评分（评分可用来排序）
• store，加速查询 store 过的字段