Quartz是一个完全由java编写的开源作业调度框架,为在Java应用程序中进行作业调度提供了简单却强大的机制，它支持定时任务持久化到数据库，从而避免了重启服务器时任务丢失，支持分布式多节点，大大的提高了单节点定时任务的容错性。springboot在2.0版本以前没有对quartz做自动配置，因此需要我们自己去手动配置，网上找了许多资料，但是大都不能完全满足自己的需要，因此自己整合了一下方便以后参考（copy），整合代码基于springboot1.5.9和quartz2.3.0，过程如下：
1、pom.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"><modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion><groupId>powerx.io</groupId><artifactId>springboot-quartz</artifactId><version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version><packaging>jar</packaging><name>springboot-quartz</name><description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description><parent><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId><version>1.5.9.RELEASE</version><relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository --></parent><properties><project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding><project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding><java.version>1.8</java.version><druid.version>1.1.5</druid.version><quartz.version>2.3.0</quartz.version></properties><dependencies><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId></dependency><dependency><groupId>mysql</groupId><artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId><scope>runtime</scope></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jdbc</artifactId></dependency><dependency><groupId>com.alibaba</groupId><artifactId>druid</artifactId><version>${druid.version}</version></dependency><!--quartz相关依赖--><dependency><groupId>org.quartz-scheduler</groupId><artifactId>quartz</artifactId><version>${quartz.version}</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.quartz-scheduler</groupId><artifactId>quartz-jobs</artifactId><version>${quartz.version}</version></dependency><!--定时任务需要依赖context模块--><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId><scope>test</scope></dependency></dependencies><build><plugins><plugin><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId></plugin></plugins></build></project>
2、整合配置类
采用jobDetail使用Spring Ioc托管方式来完成整合，我们可以在定时任务实例中使用Spring注入注解完成业务逻辑处理，代码如下
package com.example.demo.config;import org.quartz.spi.JobFactory; import org.quartz.spi.TriggerFiredBundle; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowire; import org.springframework.beans.factory.config.AutowireCapableBeanFactory; import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext; import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContextAware; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration; import org.springframework.core.io.ClassPathResource; import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.EnableScheduling; import org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.SchedulerFactoryBean; import org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.SpringBeanJobFactory;import javax.sql.DataSource;@Configuration @EnableScheduling public class QuartzConfiguration {/*** 继承org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.SpringBeanJobFactory* 实现任务实例化方式*/public static class AutowiringSpringBeanJobFactory extends SpringBeanJobFactory implementsApplicationContextAware {private transient AutowireCapableBeanFactory beanFactory;@Overridepublic void setApplicationContext(final ApplicationContext context) {beanFactory = context.getAutowireCapableBeanFactory();}/*** 将job实例交给spring ioc托管* 我们在job实例实现类内可以直接使用spring注入的调用被spring ioc管理的实例** @param bundle* @return* @throws Exception*/@Overrideprotected Object createJobInstance(final TriggerFiredBundle bundle) throws Exception {final Object job = super.createJobInstance(bundle);/*** 将job实例交付给spring ioc*/beanFactory.autowireBean(job);return job;}}/*** 配置任务工厂实例** @return*/@Beanpublic JobFactory jobFactory() {/*** 采用自定义任务工厂 整合spring实例来完成构建任务*/AutowiringSpringBeanJobFactory jobFactory = new AutowiringSpringBeanJobFactory();return jobFactory;}/*** 配置任务调度器* 使用项目数据源作为quartz数据源** @param jobFactory 自定义配置任务工厂* @param dataSource 数据源实例* @return* @throws Exception*/@Bean(destroyMethod = "destroy", autowire = Autowire.NO)public SchedulerFactoryBean schedulerFactoryBean(JobFactory jobFactory, DataSource dataSource) throws Exception {SchedulerFactoryBean schedulerFactoryBean = new SchedulerFactoryBean();//将spring管理job自定义工厂交由调度器维护 schedulerFactoryBean.setJobFactory(jobFactory);//设置覆盖已存在的任务schedulerFactoryBean.setOverwriteExistingJobs(true);//项目启动完成后，等待2秒后开始执行调度器初始化schedulerFactoryBean.setStartupDelay(2);//设置调度器自动运行schedulerFactoryBean.setAutoStartup(true);//设置数据源，使用与项目统一数据源 schedulerFactoryBean.setDataSource(dataSource);//设置上下文spring bean nameschedulerFactoryBean.setApplicationContextSchedulerContextKey("applicationContext");//设置配置文件位置schedulerFactoryBean.setConfigLocation(new ClassPathResource("/quartz.properties"));return schedulerFactoryBean;} }
AutowiringSpringBeanJobFactory：可以看到上面配置类中，AutowiringSpringBeanJobFactory我们继承了SpringBeanJobFactory类，并且通过实现ApplicationContextAware接口获取ApplicationContext设置方法，通过外部实例化时设置ApplicationContext实例对象，在createJobInstance方法内，我们采用AutowireCapableBeanFactory来托管SpringBeanJobFactory类中createJobInstance方法返回的定时任务实例，这样我们就可以在定时任务类内使用Spring Ioc相关的注解进行注入业务逻辑实例了。
JobFactory：自定义任务工厂
SchedulerFactoryBean：使用项目内部数据源的方式来设置调度器的jobSotre，官方quartz有两种持久化的配置方案。
第一种：采用quartz.properties配置文件配置独立的定时任务数据源，可以与使用项目的数据库完全独立。
第二种：采用与创建项目统一个数据源，定时任务持久化相关的表与业务逻辑在同一个数据库内。
可以根据实际的项目需求采取不同的方案，我采用了第二种方案，在上面配置类中可以看到方法schedulerFactoryBean内自动注入了JobFactory实例，也就是我们自定义的AutowiringSpringBeanJobFactory任务工厂实例，另外一个参数就是DataSource，在我们引入spring-boot-starter-jdbc依赖后会根据application.yml文件内的数据源相关配置自动实例化DataSource实例，这里直接注入是没有问题的。我们通过调用SchedulerFactoryBean对象的setConfigLocation方法来设置quartz定时任务框架的基本配置，配置文件所在位置：resources/quartz.properties => classpath:/quartz.properties下。
quartz.properties内容如下：
org.quartz.scheduler.instanceName = schedulerFactoryBeanorg.quartz.scheduler.instanceId = AUTOorg.quartz.jobStore.class = org.quartz.impl.jdbcjobstore.JobStoreTXorg.quartz.jobStore.driverDelegateClass = org.quartz.impl.jdbcjobstore.StdJDBCDelegateorg.quartz.jobStore.tablePrefix = QRTZ_org.quartz.jobStore.useProperties = falseorg.quartz.threadPool.class = org.quartz.simpl.SimpleThreadPoolorg.quartz.threadPool.threadCount = 10org.quartz.threadPool.threadPriority = 5
在上面配置中org.quartz.jobStore.class与org.quartz.jobStore.driverDelegateClass是定时任务持久化的关键配置，配置了数据库持久化定时任务以及采用MySQL数据库进行连接，当然你也可以连接别的数据库org.quartz.jobStore.tablePrefix属性配置了定时任务数据表的前缀，在quartz官方提供的创建表SQL脚本默认就是qrtz_，我们需要解压quartz2.3.0的jar，在quartz-2.2.3/docs/dbTables下找到tables_mysql_innodb.sql，然后在mysql客户端执行来创建相应的表。
3、动态定时任务demo
QuartzService.java
package com.example.demo.service;import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.HashMap; import java.util.List; import java.util.Map; import java.util.Set;import javax.annotation.PostConstruct;import org.quartz.CronScheduleBuilder; import org.quartz.CronTrigger; import org.quartz.DateBuilder; import org.quartz.DateBuilder.IntervalUnit; import org.quartz.JobBuilder; import org.quartz.JobDetail; import org.quartz.JobExecutionContext; import org.quartz.JobKey; import org.quartz.Scheduler; import org.quartz.SchedulerException; import org.quartz.SimpleScheduleBuilder; import org.quartz.Trigger; import org.quartz.TriggerBuilder; import org.quartz.TriggerKey; import org.quartz.impl.matchers.GroupMatcher; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.QuartzJobBean; import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;@Service public class QuartzService {@Autowiredprivate Scheduler scheduler;@PostConstructpublic void startScheduler() {try {scheduler.start();} catch (SchedulerException e) {e.printStackTrace();}}/*** 增加一个job* * @param jobClass* 任务实现类* @param jobName* 任务名称* @param jobGroupName* 任务组名* @param jobTime* 时间表达式 (这是每隔多少秒为一次任务)* @param jobTimes* 运行的次数 （<0:表示不限次数）*/public void addJob(Class<? extends QuartzJobBean> jobClass, String jobName, String jobGroupName, int jobTime,int jobTimes) {try {JobDetail jobDetail = JobBuilder.newJob(jobClass).withIdentity(jobName, jobGroupName)// 任务名称和组构成任务key .build();// 使用simpleTrigger规则Trigger trigger = null;if (jobTimes < 0) {trigger = TriggerBuilder.newTrigger().withIdentity(jobName, jobGroupName).withSchedule(SimpleScheduleBuilder.repeatSecondlyForever(1).withIntervalInSeconds(jobTime)).startNow().build();} else {trigger = TriggerBuilder.newTrigger().withIdentity(jobName, jobGroupName).withSchedule(SimpleScheduleBuilder.repeatSecondlyForever(1).withIntervalInSeconds(jobTime).withRepeatCount(jobTimes)).startNow().build();}scheduler.scheduleJob(jobDetail, trigger);} catch (SchedulerException e) {e.printStackTrace();}}/*** 增加一个job* * @param jobClass* 任务实现类* @param jobName* 任务名称* @param jobGroupName* 任务组名* @param jobTime* 时间表达式 （如：0/5 * * * * ? ）*/public void addJob(Class<? extends QuartzJobBean> jobClass, String jobName, String jobGroupName, String jobTime) {try {// 创建jobDetail实例，绑定Job实现类// 指明job的名称，所在组的名称，以及绑定job类JobDetail jobDetail = JobBuilder.newJob(jobClass).withIdentity(jobName, jobGroupName)// 任务名称和组构成任务key .build();// 定义调度触发规则// 使用cornTrigger规则Trigger trigger = TriggerBuilder.newTrigger().withIdentity(jobName, jobGroupName)// 触发器key.startAt(DateBuilder.futureDate(1, IntervalUnit.SECOND)).withSchedule(CronScheduleBuilder.cronSchedule(jobTime)).startNow().build();// 把作业和触发器注册到任务调度中 scheduler.scheduleJob(jobDetail, trigger);} catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();}}/*** 修改 一个job的 时间表达式* * @param jobName* @param jobGroupName* @param jobTime*/public void updateJob(String jobName, String jobGroupName, String jobTime) {try {TriggerKey triggerKey = TriggerKey.triggerKey(jobName, jobGroupName);CronTrigger trigger = (CronTrigger) scheduler.getTrigger(triggerKey);trigger = trigger.getTriggerBuilder().withIdentity(triggerKey).withSchedule(CronScheduleBuilder.cronSchedule(jobTime)).build();// 重启触发器 scheduler.rescheduleJob(triggerKey, trigger);} catch (SchedulerException e) {e.printStackTrace();}}/*** 删除任务一个job* * @param jobName* 任务名称* @param jobGroupName* 任务组名*/public void deleteJob(String jobName, String jobGroupName) {try {scheduler.deleteJob(new JobKey(jobName, jobGroupName));} catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();}}/*** 暂停一个job* * @param jobName* @param jobGroupName*/public void pauseJob(String jobName, String jobGroupName) {try {JobKey jobKey = JobKey.jobKey(jobName, jobGroupName);scheduler.pauseJob(jobKey);} catch (SchedulerException e) {e.printStackTrace();}}/*** 恢复一个job* * @param jobName* @param jobGroupName*/public void resumeJob(String jobName, String jobGroupName) {try {JobKey jobKey = JobKey.jobKey(jobName, jobGroupName);scheduler.resumeJob(jobKey);} catch (SchedulerException e) {e.printStackTrace();}}/*** 立即执行一个job* * @param jobName* @param jobGroupName*/public void runAJobNow(String jobName, String jobGroupName) {try {JobKey jobKey = JobKey.jobKey(jobName, jobGroupName);scheduler.triggerJob(jobKey);} catch (SchedulerException e) {e.printStackTrace();}}/*** 获取所有计划中的任务列表* * @return*/public List<Map<String, Object>> queryAllJob() {List<Map<String, Object>> jobList = null;try {GroupMatcher<JobKey> matcher = GroupMatcher.anyJobGroup();Set<JobKey> jobKeys = scheduler.getJobKeys(matcher);jobList = new ArrayList<Map<String, Object>>();for (JobKey jobKey : jobKeys) {List<? extends Trigger> triggers = scheduler.getTriggersOfJob(jobKey);for (Trigger trigger : triggers) {Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<>();map.put("jobName", jobKey.getName());map.put("jobGroupName", jobKey.getGroup());map.put("description", "触发器:" + trigger.getKey());Trigger.TriggerState triggerState = scheduler.getTriggerState(trigger.getKey());map.put("jobStatus", triggerState.name());if (trigger instanceof CronTrigger) {CronTrigger cronTrigger = (CronTrigger) trigger;String cronExpression = cronTrigger.getCronExpression();map.put("jobTime", cronExpression);}jobList.add(map);}}} catch (SchedulerException e) {e.printStackTrace();}return jobList;}/*** 获取所有正在运行的job* * @return*/public List<Map<String, Object>> queryRunJob() {List<Map<String, Object>> jobList = null;try {List<JobExecutionContext> executingJobs = scheduler.getCurrentlyExecutingJobs();jobList = new ArrayList<Map<String, Object>>(executingJobs.size());for (JobExecutionContext executingJob : executingJobs) {Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<String, Object>();JobDetail jobDetail = executingJob.getJobDetail();JobKey jobKey = jobDetail.getKey();Trigger trigger = executingJob.getTrigger();map.put("jobName", jobKey.getName());map.put("jobGroupName", jobKey.getGroup());map.put("description", "触发器:" + trigger.getKey());Trigger.TriggerState triggerState = scheduler.getTriggerState(trigger.getKey());map.put("jobStatus", triggerState.name());if (trigger instanceof CronTrigger) {CronTrigger cronTrigger = (CronTrigger) trigger;String cronExpression = cronTrigger.getCronExpression();map.put("jobTime", cronExpression);}jobList.add(map);}} catch (SchedulerException e) {e.printStackTrace();}return jobList;}}
UserService.java
package com.example.demo.service;import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;@Service public class UserService {public void play() {System.out.println("user id play");}public void study() {System.out.println("user id study");} }
TestJob1.java
package com.example.demo.job;import java.util.Date;import org.quartz.JobExecutionContext; import org.quartz.JobExecutionException; import org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.QuartzJobBean;public class TestJob1 extends QuartzJobBean {@Overrideprotected void executeInternal(JobExecutionContext arg0) throws JobExecutionException {System.out.println(new Date() + " job执行");}}
TestJob2.java
package com.example.demo.job;import java.util.Date;import org.quartz.JobExecutionContext; import org.quartz.JobExecutionException; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.QuartzJobBean; import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;import com.example.demo.service.UserService; @Component public class TestJob2 extends QuartzJobBean {//注入业务service，完成定时任务逻辑 @Autowiredprivate UserService service;@Overrideprotected void executeInternal(JobExecutionContext arg0) throws JobExecutionException {System.out.println(new Date() + " job2执行");service.play();}}
TestController.java
package com.example.demo.controller;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;import com.example.demo.job.TestJob1; import com.example.demo.job.TestJob2; import com.example.demo.service.QuartzService;@RestController public class TestController {@Autowiredprivate QuartzService quartzService;@RequestMapping("/addjob")public void startJob(String type) {if("TestJob1".equals(type)) {quartzService.addJob(TestJob1.class, "job1", "test", "0/5 * * * * ?");}else {quartzService.addJob(TestJob2.class, "job2", "test", "0/5 * * * * ?");}}@RequestMapping("/updatejob")public void updatejob() {quartzService.updateJob("job1", "test", "0/10 * * * * ?");}@RequestMapping("/deletejob")public void deletejob() {quartzService.deleteJob("job1", "test");}@RequestMapping("/pauseJob")public void pauseJob() {quartzService.pauseJob("job1", "test");}@RequestMapping("/resumeJob")public void resumeJob() {quartzService.resumeJob("job1", "test");}@RequestMapping("/queryAllJob")public Object queryAllJob() {return quartzService.queryAllJob();}@RequestMapping("/queryRunJob")public Object queryRunJob() {return quartzService.queryRunJob();} }
4、application.yml
spring:datasource:type: com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSourcedriver-class-name: com.mysql.jdbc.Driverurl: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/quartz?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8&autoReconnect=true username: rootpassword: rootjpa:hibernate:ddl-auto: update #ddl-auto:设为update表示每次都不会重新建表show-sql: trueapplication:name: quartz-cluster-node-first server:port: 8081 # 打印日志 logging:level:root: INFOorg.hibernate: INFOorg.hibernate.type.descriptor.sql.BasicBinder: TRACEorg.hibernate.type.descriptor.sql.BasicExtractor: TRACEcom.springms: DEBUG
至此，springboot整合quartz实现动态定时任务和任务持久化完毕，各功能我都测试过，符合预期，具体结果不再贴出，小伙伴们在使用时要注意springboot和quartz的版本问题，很多时候并不是代码有问题，而是jar不匹配。springboot2.0以后，直接有了spring-boot-starter-quartz包，我们只需要把原来的jar替换掉，无需任何配置就完成了整合。
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