题干:
You are given a string consisting of parentheses () and []. A string of this type is said to be correct:
- (a)if it is the empty string(b)if A and B are correct, AB is correct,(c)if A is correct, (A) and [A] is correct.
Write a program that takes a sequence of strings of this type and check their correctness. Your program can assume that the maximum string length is 128.
Input
The file contains a positive integer n and a sequence of n strings of parentheses () and [], one string a line.
Output
A sequence of Yes or No on the output file.
Sample Input
13
123([])
(([()])))
([()[]()])()
Sample Output
123Yes
No
Yes
解题报告:
注意运用栈的知识,再一点就是注意空串!所以这里不能scanf("%s",a);,只能gets(a)或者cin.getline(a , 200 + 5);,因为gets有的地方不让用了!这里编译器选择的是 C++11 5.3.0 还可以用。
ac代码:
#include<iostream>
#include<stack>
#include<cstdio>
#include<cstring>
using namespace std;char a[200+5];
int main()
{int n,len;int flag=0;cin>>n;getchar();while(n--) {flag=0;stack<char > sk;gets(a);len=strlen(a);for(int i = 0; i<len; i++) {if(a[i]=='['||a[i]=='(') {sk.push(a[i]);continue;}if(a[i]==']'&&sk.empty()) {flag=1;break;}if(a[i]==')'&&sk.empty()) {flag=1;break;}if(a[i]==']' && sk.top()!='[') {flag=1;break;}else if(a[i]==']' && sk.top()=='['){//不能直接else 需else if sk.pop(); //错误示范在下面↓↓ }if(a[i]==')' && sk.top()!='(') {flag=1;break;}else if(a[i]==')' && sk.top()=='('){sk.pop();}}if(len==0) {printf("Yes\n");continue;}if(flag||!sk.empty()) {printf("No\n");}else {printf("Yes\n");}} return 0 ;
}// if(a[i]==']' && sk.top()!='[') {
// flag=1;
// break;
// }
// else {
// sk.pop();
// }
// if(a[i]==')' && sk.top()!='(') {
// flag=1;
// break;
// }
// else {
// sk.pop();
// }
法2:(wjh写)
#include<iostream>
#include<cstdio>
#include<algorithm>
#include<cmath>
#include<cstring>
using namespace std;
//D 奇数× ][ [(]) [[((]]))
int cmp(int a,int b)
{return a>b;
}
int main()
{int n;char a[140];cin>>n;getchar(); while(n--){int l1=0,r1=0,l2=0,r2=0;gets(a);int fl1=0,fl2=0,flag=0;int l=strlen(a);for(int i=0;i<l;i++){if(a[i]=='('){l1++;fl1++;}else if(a[i]==')'){r1++;fl1--;}else if(a[i]=='['){l2++;fl2++;}else if(a[i]==']'){r2++;fl2--;}if(fl1<0||fl2<0||a[i]=='('&&a[i+1]==']'||a[i]=='['&&a[i+1]==')')flag=-1;}if(l%2==1)//l&1{printf("No\n");}else if(l1!=r1||l2!=r2){printf("No\n");}else if(flag==-1){printf("No\n");}else printf("Yes\n");}return 0;
}
做题总结:1.看到最近问题,相邻问题 想到栈。
2.正着想不成立时倒着想即可,比如此题:正着想'('不一定和相邻的')'匹配,但是倒着想')'一定和相邻的'('是一对儿。
3.if判断分支的时候,一定弄清楚逻辑结构!那种if里面一个条件的还好,就三种 > 、= 、<,但是这种两个的或者多个的一定分清楚包含关系,对立关系!严格的说两个条件的就有3×3=9 种 可能的情况了!if中!理清楚!