polkit 重新安装_不折腾，为U-NAS安装一个清爽的桌面，把小U打造成双面高手

本帖最后由 emaic 于 2012-2-2 03:41 编辑

除了文件的存储和下载外，U-NAS还可以干嘛？其实，只要你-U-NAS的硬件性能足够强悍，U-NAS可以完成很多你意想不到的工作哦，也会有很多意想不到的玩法，希望看了emaic打造的这台U-NAS之后能对你有所启发

PS:为了抓图方便和写这篇教程，emaic在虚拟机里重新安装了一遍，对整个过程进行了记录

一、为u-nas安装一个清爽的桌面环境 mjyu51大大已经分别在两个教程里写了如何安装羽量级的LXDE和重量级的Gnome、KDE桌面环境，但是我个人觉得，LXDE太简陋了，Gnome和KDE又太臃肿了，我们只需要一个简单方便的桌面环境就可以了，最好操作方式贴近Windows，驾狗在网上搜索了一番，还真让俺找到了一个轻量级的桌面环境：XFCE4

什么是XFCE？

wiki地址

类似于GNOME和KDE，XFCE是一个桌面环境。它包含一套应用程序，比如：根窗口程序、窗口管理器、文件管理器、面板，等等。XFCE用GTK2开发，同时，跟其它桌面环境一样，它也有自己的开发环境(库、守护进程等)。不同于GNOME和KDE，XFCE是轻量级的，并且在设计上更接近CDE，而不是Windows或Mac。它的开发周期要长得多，但它非常稳定，速度极快。XFCE很适合在老一些的机器上使用。

优点这里列出一些使用XFCE的理由(个人意见)

快速它比其它主流的桌面环境更快。

稳定 XFCE－4已经发布很久了，只发现少量BUG

美观它使用GTK2并且可以更换主题。你能把XFCE做得非常漂亮。字体也有完整的抗锯齿效果。

强大的多显示器支持在众多WM/DE、IMO中，XFCE对Xinerama的支持是最好的。

省心你将发现它帮你更流畅地工作，而不要求频繁地更新。

内建的compositor支持包含真透明在内的各种特效。缺点这里列出一些不用XFCE的理由(个人意见)

不包含主流桌面环境集成的所有特性。

较长的开发周期。

基于CDE设计的界面风格可能让人觉得不太熟悉。

好了，废话少说，马上开工

1、Putty进U-nas，为保证速度，先添加几个国内的镜像源，163的不错，就他吧

sudo nano /etc/apt/sources.list复制代码

添加163的源

deb http://mirrors.163.com/debian testing main non-free contrib

deb http://mirrors.163.com/debian testing-proposed-updates main non-free contrib

deb http://mirrors.163.com/debian-security testing/updates main non-free contrib

deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/debian testing main non-free contrib

deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/debian testing-proposed-updates main non-free contrib

deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/debian-security testing/updates main non-free contrib复制代码

(小技巧：复制上面的源地址，在Putty里点鼠标右键，就自动粘贴了)

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2012-2-2 00:21 上传

添加后Ctrl+o然后回车保存，Ctrl+x关闭源列表

2、升级源

sudo apt-get update复制代码

3、安装最新的XFCE4.8

sudo apt-get xfce4复制代码

以下是输出信息，你可以不用理会

admin@U-NAS:~$ sudo apt-get install xfce4

正在读取软件包列表... 完成

正在分析软件包的依赖关系树

正在读取状态信息... 完成

将会安装下列额外的软件包：

ca-certificates-java consolekit dbus-x11 dconf-gsettings-backend dconf-service

default-jre-headless desktop-base desktop-file-utils dmsetup dosfstools exo-utils fontconfig

gcc-4.6-base gconf2 gconf2-common gstreamer0.10-alsa gstreamer0.10-plugins-base gtk2-engines-xfce

gvfs gvfs-common gvfs-daemons gvfs-libs hicolor-icon-theme icedtea-6-jre-cacao

icedtea-6-jre-jamvm iso-codes java-common libaacs0 libasound2 libatasmart4 libatk1.0-0

libatk1.0-data libaudit0 libbluray-bdj libbluray1 libcairo-gobject2 libcairo2 libcanberra-gtk3-0

libcanberra-gtk3-module libcanberra0 libcdparanoia0 libck-connector0 libdatrie1 libdbus-glib-1-2

libdconf0 libdevmapper1.02.1 libdrm-intel1 libdrm-nouveau1a libdrm-radeon1 libdrm2 libexif12

libexo-1-0 libexo-common libexo-helpers libffi5 libfs6 libgarcon-1-0 libgarcon-common libgconf2-4

libgdk-pixbuf2.0-0 libgdk-pixbuf2.0-common libgdu0 libgl1-mesa-dri libgl1-mesa-glx libglade2-0

libglapi-mesa libglib2.0-0 libglu1-mesa libgnome-keyring-common libgnome-keyring0 libgnutls26

libgpg-error0 libgstreamer-plugins-base0.10-0 libgstreamer0.10-0 libgtk-3-0 libgtk-3-bin

libgtk-3-common libgtk2.0-0 libgtk2.0-bin libgtk2.0-common libgudev-1.0-0 libical0 libice6

libidl0 libimobiledevice2 libjpeg-progs libjpeg8 libkeybinder0 libltdl7 liblvm2app2.2

libnotify-bin libnotify4 libnspr4-0d libnss3-1d liborbit2 liborc-0.4-0 libp11-kit0

libpam-ck-connector libpango1.0-0 libpciaccess0 libpcre3 libpixman-1-0 libplist1

libpolkit-agent-1-0 libpolkit-backend-1-0 libpolkit-gobject-1-0 libpoppler-glib6 libpoppler13

librsvg2-2 librsvg2-common libsgutils2-2 libsm6 libstartup-notification0 libstdc++6 libtdb1

libthai-data libthai0 libthunarx-2-0 libtinfo5 libtumbler-1-0 libudev0 libupower-glib1

libusbmuxd1 libutempter0 libvisual-0.4-0 libvisual-0.4-plugins libwnck-common libwnck22

libx11-xcb1 libxaw7 libxcb-dri2-0 libxcb-render0 libxcb-shape0 libxcb-shm0 libxcb-util0

libxcomposite1 libxcursor1 libxdamage1 libxfce4ui-1-0 libxfce4util-bin libxfce4util-common

libxfce4util4 libxfconf-0-2 libxfixes3 libxfont1 libxft2 libxi6 libxinerama1 libxkbfile1

libxklavier16 libxmu6 libxrandr2 libxrender1 libxres1 libxt6 libxtst6 libxv1 libxvmc1 mtools

multiarch-support notification-daemon ntfsprogs openjdk-6-jre-headless openjdk-6-jre-lib orage

pm-utils policykit-1 policykit-1-gnome poppler-data powermgmt-base tango-icon-theme thunar

thunar-data thunar-volman tumbler tumbler-common tzdata tzdata-java udev udisks upower usbmuxd

vbetool x11-apps x11-session-utils x11-utils x11-xfs-utils x11-xkb-utils x11-xserver-utils

xbitmaps xdg-user-dirs xfce-keyboard-shortcuts xfce4-appfinder xfce4-mixer xfce4-notifyd

xfce4-panel xfce4-session xfce4-settings xfce4-utils xfce4-volumed xfconf xfdesktop4

xfdesktop4-data xfonts-100dpi xfonts-75dpi xfonts-base xfonts-scalable xfwm4 xfwm4-themes xinit

xinput xorg xorg-docs-core xscreensaver xscreensaver-data xserver-common xserver-xorg

xserver-xorg-core xserver-xorg-input-all xserver-xorg-input-evdev xserver-xorg-input-synaptics

xserver-xorg-input-wacom xserver-xorg-video-all xserver-xorg-video-apm xserver-xorg-video-ark

xserver-xorg-video-ati xserver-xorg-video-chips xserver-xorg-video-cirrus

xserver-xorg-video-fbdev xserver-xorg-video-i128 xserver-xorg-video-intel

xserver-xorg-video-mach64 xserver-xorg-video-mga xserver-xorg-video-neomagic

xserver-xorg-video-nouveau xserver-xorg-video-openchrome xserver-xorg-video-r128

xserver-xorg-video-radeon xserver-xorg-video-rendition xserver-xorg-video-s3

xserver-xorg-video-s3virge xserver-xorg-video-savage xserver-xorg-video-siliconmotion

xserver-xorg-video-sis xserver-xorg-video-sisusb xserver-xorg-video-tdfx

xserver-xorg-video-trident xserver-xorg-video-tseng xserver-xorg-video-vesa

xserver-xorg-video-vmware xserver-xorg-video-voodoo xterm

建议安装的软件包：

default-jre gconf-defaults-service gvfs-backends isoquery equivs libasound2-plugins

libcanberra-gtk0 libcanberra-pulse libglide3 gnome-keyring gstreamer-codec-install

gnome-codec-install gstreamer0.10-tools ttf-baekmuk ttf-arphic-gbsn00lp ttf-arphic-bsmi00lp

ttf-arphic-gkai00mp ttf-arphic-bkai00mp librsvg2-bin sg3-utils floppyd sun-java6-fonts

ttf-dejavu-extra ttf-sazanami-gothic ttf-kochi-gothic ttf-sazanami-mincho ttf-kochi-mincho

ttf-wqy-microhei ttf-wqy-zenhei ttf-indic-fonts sox cpufrequtils wireless-tools radeontool

gnome-icon-theme kdelibs-data thunar-archive-plugin thunar-media-tags-plugin reiserfsprogs

cryptsetup mesa-utils nickle cairo-5c xfprint4 xfce4-goodies fortunes-mod menu xfs xserver

xorg-docs xfishtank xdaliclock xscreensaver-gl qcam streamer gdm3 kdm-gdmcompat

gpointing-device-settings touchfreeze firmware-linux xfonts-cyrillic

推荐安装的软件包：

xbitmap

下列【新】软件包将被安装：

ca-certificates-java consolekit dbus-x11 dconf-gsettings-backend dconf-service

default-jre-headless desktop-base desktop-file-utils dosfstools exo-utils fontconfig gcc-4.6-base

gconf2 gconf2-common gstreamer0.10-alsa gstreamer0.10-plugins-base gtk2-engines-xfce gvfs

gvfs-common gvfs-daemons gvfs-libs hicolor-icon-theme icedtea-6-jre-cacao icedtea-6-jre-jamvm

iso-codes java-common libaacs0 libatasmart4 libatk1.0-0 libatk1.0-data libaudit0 libbluray-bdj

libbluray1 libcairo-gobject2 libcairo2 libcanberra-gtk3-0 libcanberra-gtk3-module libcanberra0

libcdparanoia0 libck-connector0 libdatrie1 libdbus-glib-1-2 libdconf0 libdrm-intel1

libdrm-nouveau1a libdrm-radeon1 libdrm2 libexif12 libexo-1-0 libexo-common libexo-helpers libffi5

libfs6 libgarcon-1-0 libgarcon-common libgconf2-4 libgdk-pixbuf2.0-0 libgdk-pixbuf2.0-common

libgdu0 libgl1-mesa-dri libgl1-mesa-glx libglade2-0 libglapi-mesa libglu1-mesa

libgnome-keyring-common libgnome-keyring0 libgstreamer-plugins-base0.10-0 libgstreamer0.10-0

libgtk-3-0 libgtk-3-bin libgtk-3-common libgtk2.0-0 libgtk2.0-bin libgtk2.0-common libgudev-1.0-0

libical0 libice6 libidl0 libimobiledevice2 libjpeg-progs libjpeg8 libkeybinder0 liblvm2app2.2

libnotify-bin libnotify4 libnspr4-0d libnss3-1d liborbit2 libp11-kit0 libpam-ck-connector

libpango1.0-0 libpciaccess0 libpixman-1-0 libplist1 libpolkit-agent-1-0 libpolkit-backend-1-0

libpolkit-gobject-1-0 libpoppler-glib6 libpoppler13 librsvg2-2 librsvg2-common libsgutils2-2

libsm6 libstartup-notification0 libtdb1 libthai-data libthai0 libthunarx-2-0 libtinfo5

libtumbler-1-0 libupower-glib1 libusbmuxd1 libutempter0 libvisual-0.4-0 libvisual-0.4-plugins

libwnck-common libwnck22 libx11-xcb1 libxaw7 libxcb-dri2-0 libxcb-render0 libxcb-shape0

libxcb-shm0 libxcb-util0 libxcomposite1 libxcursor1 libxdamage1 libxfce4ui-1-0 libxfce4util-bin

libxfce4util-common libxfce4util4 libxfconf-0-2 libxfixes3 libxft2 libxi6 libxinerama1

libxkbfile1 libxklavier16 libxmu6 libxrandr2 libxrender1 libxres1 libxt6 libxtst6 libxv1 libxvmc1

mtools multiarch-support notification-daemon ntfsprogs openjdk-6-jre-headless openjdk-6-jre-lib

orage pm-utils policykit-1 policykit-1-gnome poppler-data powermgmt-base tango-icon-theme thunar

thunar-data thunar-volman tumbler tumbler-common tzdata-java udisks upower usbmuxd vbetool

x11-apps x11-session-utils x11-utils x11-xfs-utils x11-xkb-utils x11-xserver-utils xbitmaps

xdg-user-dirs xfce-keyboard-shortcuts xfce4 xfce4-appfinder xfce4-mixer xfce4-notifyd xfce4-panel

xfce4-session xfce4-settings xfce4-utils xfce4-volumed xfconf xfdesktop4 xfdesktop4-data

xfonts-100dpi xfonts-75dpi xfonts-base xfonts-scalable xfwm4 xfwm4-themes xinit xinput xorg

xorg-docs-core xscreensaver xscreensaver-data xserver-common xserver-xorg xserver-xorg-core

xserver-xorg-input-all xserver-xorg-input-evdev xserver-xorg-input-synaptics