极客时间和极客学院_极客历史记录的本周：Twitter的诞生，OS X十周年以及太空停留时间最长的时代即将结束...

极客时间和极客学院

Every week we bring you interesting trivia and milestones from the archives of Geekdom. Today we’re taking a peek at the birth of Twitter, ten years of Mac OS X, and the longest space stay in history.

每周，我们都会为您带来有趣的琐事和Geekdom档案库中的里程碑。今天，我们来看看Twitter的诞生，Mac OS X的十年发展以及历史上最长的停留时间。

Twitter五岁了 (Twitter Turns Five)

Twitter officially launched in July of 2006, but the first tweet went out on March 21, 2006 when Twitter chairman Jack Dorsey sent out the first tweet, “just setting up my twttr”. Initially the reaction to Twitter was lukewarm and the service received heavy criticism multiple fronts as being frivolous and downright useless; jokes about people tweeting what they were eating and consequently excreting abounded. While Twitter has never quite shook off that criticism (and in fairness, a significant number of tweets are painfully banal) it has grown to become a big player in the dispersal of real time information. When dictators feel the need to block your service because too many people are using it to transmit real time updates to the outside world, you know you’re doing things right.

Twitter于2006年7月正式启动，但第一条推文于2006年3月21日发布，当时Twitter董事长杰克·多尔西(Jack Dorsey)发送了第一条推文，“只是设置了我的twttr”。最初，对Twitter的React是冷淡的，该服务因轻浮和彻头彻尾的无用而受到了广泛的批评。人们在推特上吃他们的东西，然后大量地排泄，这开玩笑。尽管Twitter从未完全摆脱这种批评(公平地说，相当多的推文令人痛苦地平庸)，但它已成为散布实时信息的重要参与者。当独裁者由于太多人正在使用它来向外界发送实时更新而感到需要阻止您的服务时，您就知道您做的很好。

Mac OS X十周年 (10th Anniversary of Mac OS X)

On March 24, 2001 Apple released the 10th iteration of their Mac OS, dubbed Mac OS X. It was the first release to use a Roman numeral in place of an Arabic number and it would retain the X designation through five major upgrades. OS X was a sweeping upgrade from prior Mac OS versions and included more effective multitasking, memory protection, and a layered architecture for more efficient and stable execution of code. The most visible change was the introduction of the Aqua theme which, with it’s soft edges and translucent colors, is one of the most recognizable aspects of the OS X experience. You can read more about OS X and the changes between versions here.

2001年3月24日，Apple发布了Mac OS的第十版，称为Mac OSX 。这是第一个使用罗马数字代替阿拉伯数字的版本，它将通过五个主要升级保留X名称。 OS X是Mac OS以前版本的全面升级，包括更有效的多任务处理，内存保护和分层体系结构，可更高效，更稳定地执行代码。最明显的变化是引入了Aqua主题，该主题具有柔和的边缘和半透明的颜色，是OS X体验中最可识别的方面之一。您可以在此处阅读有关OS X以及版本之间的更改的更多信息。

最长的太空停留结束 (Longest Space Stay Comes to an End)

On March 22, 1995 Russian Cosmonaut Valeri Polyakov returns to Earth after an amazing 437 days in space aboard the Mir space station. Not only had Polyakov set a record for the longest uninterrupted stay in space but over all he has spent more time in space than any other person (almost two years in total). His stay aboard Mir was closely monitored and scientists were eager to study him when he returned. Polyakov had volunteered for the extended stay to show that the human body was capable of surviving the extended time in space required to get from Earth to Mars. Astonishingly, despite being in zero gravity for over a year he was able to walk out of his space capsule upon landing on Earth thanks to his daily workout routine aboard the station and adequate nutrition.

1995年3月22日，俄罗斯宇航员瓦列里·波利亚科夫(Valeri Polyakov)在和平号空间站上飞行了437天后，回到了地球。 Polyakov不仅创造了最长的不间断太空停留记录，而且总的来说，他在太空停留的时间比其他任何人都多(总计近两年)。他在Mir船上的逗留受到严密监视，当他返回时，科学家渴望研究他。波利亚科夫自愿延长逗留时间，以证明人体有能力在从地球到火星的太空停留中生存。令人惊讶的是，尽管他在零重力环境下工作了一年多，但由于他每天在站上锻炼，并有足够的营养，因此能够在着陆时走出太空舱。

极客历史上本周其他值得注意的时刻 (Other Notable Moments from This Week in Geek History)

Although we only shine the spotlight on three interesting facts a week in our Geek History column, that doesn’t mean we don’t have space to highlight a few more in passing. This week in Geek History:

尽管我们每周在《极客历史》专栏中仅关注三个有趣的事实，但这并不意味着我们没有足够的空间来强调更多的动态。本周极客历史：

1905—March 24, Death of Science fiction icon Jules Verne.
1905年3月24日，科幻小说之死朱尔斯·凡尔纳。
1916—March 20, Albert Einstein publishes the General Theory of Relativity.
1916年3月20日，爱因斯坦(Albert Einstein)发表了广义相对论。
1931—March 22, Birth of William Shatner, made famous by his role as Captain Kirk.
1931年3月22日，威廉·沙特纳(William Shatner)出生，以柯克上尉的角色而闻名。
1931—March 26, Birth of Leonard Nimoy, made famous by his role as Spock.
1931年3月26日，伦纳德·尼莫伊(Leonard Nimoy)出生，以斯波克(Spock)的角色而闻名。
1995—March 22, Sci-Fi show Sliders premiers on Fox.
1995年-3月22日，科幻节目Sliders在Fox上首映。
2005—March 24, Sony releases the Playstation Portable in the US.
2005年-3月24日，索尼在美国发布了Playstation Portable。

Have an interesting bit of geek trivia to share? Shoot us an email to tips@howtogeek.com with “history” in the subject line and we’ll be sure to add it to our list of trivia.

有一些有趣的怪胎琐事可以分享吗？向我们发送电子邮件至tips@howtogeek.com ，主题行中包含“历史记录”，我们将确保将其添加到琐事列表中。