---

---

前言

Mat类是目前opencv最为常用的图像数据格式，其优点在于无需手动开辟内存空间和实时释放，针对此类的各种运算方法有很多，本文按照各种运算方法的种类进行简单的总结和示例。

---

一、Mat运算种类

将Mat的运算简单的分为以下几种：

1.1 代数运算

    Mat imageadd = image1 + image2;//imshow("加法", imageadd);Mat imageadd1;Mat imageadd2;add(image1, image2, imageadd1);add(image1, 2, imageadd2);//函数重载//imshow("加法", imageadd);Mat imagesub = image1 - image2;//运算符重载//imshow("减法", imagesub);Mat imageAbsdiff;absdiff(image1, image2, imageAbsdiff);//imshow("减法绝对值", imageAbsdiff);Mat imagesub1;subtract(image1, image2, imagesub1);//imshow("减法", imagesub);Mat imageweighted;addWeighted(image1, 0.5, image2, 0.2, 50, imageweighted);//imshow("加权", imageweighted);Mat imagemultiply;multiply(image1, image2, imagemultiply, 1.0, CV_32FC1);//imshow("点乘", imagemultiply);Mat imagedivide;divide(image1, image2, imagedivide, 1.0, -1);//imshow("点除", imagedivide);//非Mat image2not;Mat mask = Mat::zeros(image2.size(), CV_8UC1);mask(Rect(200, 100, 200, 200)) = 255;bitwise_not(image2, image2not, mask);//imshow("非", image2not);//或Mat image2or;bitwise_or(image2, imagesub, image2or, mask);//imshow("或", image2or);//异或Mat image2xor;bitwise_xor(image2, imageadd2, image2xor, mask);imshow("异或", image2xor);//与Mat image2and;bitwise_and(image2, imagesub, image2and, mask);//imshow("与", image2and);

1.2 类型转换

    //---------------------数组和Mat------------------------int height = image.rows;int width = image.cols;//转16位一维数组uint8_t* array1 = new uint8_t[height * width * 3];for (int i = 0; i < height; i++){for (int j = 0; j < width; j++){for (int k = 0; k < 3; k++){array1[i * width * 3 + j * 3 + k] = image.at<cv::Vec3b>(i, j)[k];}		}}Mat image3(height, width, CV_8UC3, array1);