```shell
[ student@server1 tmp] $ ll / etc/ passwd
- rw- r- - r- -  1  root root 2 . 7K  7 月 15  09 : 02  / etc/ passwd
with  open ( "/etc/passwd" ,  mode= "r" )  as  fr: with  open ( "/tmp/mypasswd" , mode= "w" )  as  fw: shutil. copyfileobj( fr, fw) 
[ student@server1 tmp] $ ll / tmp/ mypasswd 
- rw- rw- r- -  1  student student 2 . 7K 11 月  6  10 : 53  / tmp/ mypasswd
```shell
[ student@server1 tmp] $ ll / tmp/ myresolv. conf 
- rw- rw- r- -  1  student student 53  11 月  6  11 : 01  / tmp/ myresolv. conf
shutil. copyfile( "/etc/resolv.conf" , "/tmp/myresolv.conf" ) 
[ student@server1 tmp] $ ll / etc/ resolv. conf 
- rw- r- - r- -  1  root root 53  11 月  6  07 : 52  / etc/ resolv. conf
[ student@server1 tmp] $ ll / etc/ hosts 
- rw- r- - r- -  1  root root 674  10 月 31  09 : 50  / etc/ hosts
shutil. copy( "/etc/hosts" , "/tmp/myhosts" ) 
[ student@server1 tmp] $ ll / tmp/ myhosts 
- rw- r- - r- -  1  student student 674  11 月  6  11 : 04  / tmp/ myhosts
[ student@server1 tmp] $ ll / tmp/ myhosts 
- rw- r- - r- -  1  student student 674  11 月  6  11 : 04  / tmp/ myhosts
shutil. move( "/tmp/myhosts" , "/home/student/hosts.move" ) 
[ student@server1 tmp] $ ll / tmp/ myhosts
ls:  无法访问 '/tmp/myhosts' :  没有那个文件或目录
[ student@server1 tmp] $ ll / home/ student/ hosts. move 
- rw- r- - r- -  1  student student 674  11 月  6  11 : 04  / home/ student/ hosts. move
shutil. copytree( "/home/student" , "/tmp/security" ) 
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 
[ student@server1 test] $ ll
总用量 8 . 0K
- rw- r- - r- -  1  student student 674  11 月  6  11 : 28  hosts
- rw- r- - r- -  1  student student  53  11 月  6  11 : 28  resolv. conf
shutil. rmtree( "/tmp/test" ) 
[ student@server1 test] $ ll
总用量 0 
[ student@server1 test] $ ll
总用量 4 . 0K
- rw- r- - r- -  1  student student 674  11 月  6  11 : 35  hosts
[ student@server1 test] $ ll / etc/ shadow
- - - - - - - - - -  1  root root 1 . 5K  8 月 12  06 : 52  / etc/ shadow
shutil. copymode( "/etc/shadow" , "/tmp/test/hosts" ) 
[ student@server1 test] $ ll
总用量 4 . 0K
- - - - - - - - - -  1  student student 674  11 月  6  11 : 35  hosts
[ student@server1 test] $ ll
总用量 4 . 0K
- rwxrwxrwx 1  student root 674  11 月  6  11 : 35  hosts
shutil. chown( "/tmp/test/hosts" , user= "student" , group= "student" ) 
[ student@server1 test] $ ll
总用量 4 . 0K
- rwxrwxrwx 1  student student 674  11 月  6  11 : 35  hosts
 
print ( "当前工作目录:%s" % os. getcwd( ) ) 
print ( "进程ID:%d"  % os. getpid( ) ) 
print ( "父进程ID:%d"  % os. getppid( ) ) 
print ( "系统环境变量:%s" % os. environ) 
print ( "获取uname信息:%s" % str ( os. uname( ) ) ) 
print ( "CPU核数:%s" % os. cpu_count( ) ) 
print ( "查看当前目录下的文件:%s" % os. listdir( "." ) ) 
os. chdir( '/tmp/' ) 
os. makedirs( "./first" ) 
print ( "当前目录:%s" % os. getcwd( ) ) 
[ student@server1 first] $ pwd
/ tmp/ first
[ student@server1 first] $ ll
总用量 0 
- rw- rw- r- -  1  student student 0  11 月  6  14 : 48  a. txt
os. remove( "first/a.txt" ) 
[ student@server1 first] $ ll
总用量 0 
os. rmdir( "first" ) 
print ( "获取路径中携带的文件名:%s" % os. path. basename( '/tmp/test/abc' ) ) 
print ( "获取路径中携带的文件目录:%s" % os. path. dirname( "/tmp/test/abc" ) ) 
print ( os. path. split( "/tmp/test/abc" ) ) 
print ( os. path. join( "/tmp/test" , 'abc' ) ) 
print ( os. path. isabs( '/tmp/test/abc' ) ) 
print ( os. path. isdir( 'tmp/test/abc' ) ) 
print ( os. path. isfile( 'tmp/test/abc' ) ) 
print ( os. path. islink( 'tmp/test/abc' ) ) 
print ( os. path. exists( 'tmp/test/abc' ) )