【dz-1015】基于STM32单片机智能鱼缸

摘要

在观赏鱼养殖领域，水质状态、水温稳定性及饲喂合理性对鱼类生存质量与健康状况起着决定性作用。传统鱼缸管理多依赖人工换水、经验控温及定时投喂，存在水质恶化预警滞后、水温波动大、饲喂不规律等问题，难以满足精细化养殖的严苛需求。

基于 STM32F103C8T6 单片机的智能鱼缸系统，整合了 TDS 水质模块、防水式 DS18B20 温度传感器、水位检测模块、OLED 显示屏、按键、语音识别模块、WIFI 模块及蓝牙模块，实现了对鱼缸环境的实时监测、智能调控与多端交互。系统核心功能包括：通过 TDS 水质模块检测水质，数值大于设定最大值时启动双水泵自动换水；借助防水式 DS18B20 检测水温，超过上下限值时通过加热棒加热或风扇制冷；利用水位检测模块监测水位，低于最小值时自动加水；支持通过按键设置定时投喂、定时充氧时间，以及各参数阈值、手动控制各类设备及模式切换；通过 OLED 显示屏实时展示各项测量数据；通过语音识别模块控制换水、加热等多项功能及模式切换；通过 WIFI 和蓝牙模块将数据发送至手机端，支持在手机端设置阈值、控制设备及模式切换。

该系统的实现，有效提升了鱼缸管理的自动化与智能化水平，通过多参数协同监测、多方式智能调节及多端交互，为鱼类生长提供了稳定、适宜的环境，同时为家庭及小型观赏鱼养殖场所的设备升级提供了参考，具有较高的实用价值与推广意义。

关键词：智能鱼缸；STM32；自动控制；水质监测；多端交互

ABSTRACT

In the field of ornamental fish farming, the state of water quality, the stability of water temperature and the rationality of feeding play a decisive role in the quality of life and health of fish. Traditional fish tank management mostly relies on manual water changing, experience-based temperature control and regular feeding, which has problems such as delayed early warning of water quality deterioration, large fluctuations in water temperature and irregular feeding, making it difficult to meet the strict requirements of refined aquaculture.

The intelligent fish tank system based on STM32F103C8T6 single-chip microcomputer integrates TDS water quality module, waterproof DS18B20 temperature sensor, water level detection module, OLED display screen, buttons, voice recognition module, WIFI module and Bluetooth module. Real-time monitoring, intelligent regulation and multi-terminal interaction of the fish tank environment have been achieved. The core functions of the system include: detecting water quality through the TDS water quality module. When the value exceeds the set maximum value, the dual water pumps will be activated for automatic water exchange. The water temperature is detected by the waterproof DS18B20. When it exceeds the upper and lower limit values, it is heated by the heating rod or cooled by the fan. The water level is monitored by the water level detection module, and water is automatically added when it drops below the minimum value. Support setting timed feeding, timed oxygenation time, and various parameter thresholds through buttons, as well as manual control of various devices and mode switching. All measurement data are displayed in real time through the OLED screen. The voice recognition module is used to control multiple functions such as water change and heating, as well as mode switching. Data is sent to the mobile phone via WIFI and Bluetooth modules, and it supports setting thresholds, controlling devices and switching modes on the mobile phone.

The implementation of this system has effectively enhanced the automation and intelligence level of fish tank management. Through multi-parameter collaborative monitoring, multi-mode intelligent adjustment and multi-terminal interaction, it provides a stable and suitable environment for fish growth. At the same time, it offers a reference for equipment upgrades in household and small-scale ornamental fish breeding sites, and has high practical value and promotion significance.

Keywords:Smart Fish tank "STM32; "Automatic control; Water quality monitoring Multiterminal interaction

第1章绪论

1.1 研究的目的及意义

1.2 国内外发展情况

1.2.1 国外研究现状

1.2.2 国内研究现状

1.3 本文主要研究内容

第2章设计思路与方案论证

2.1 主要元器件选择

2.1.1 主控芯片选择

2.1.2 水质检测模块选择

2.1.3 水温检测模块选择